501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
86¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$38.3M paid to officers and key staff.
Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2021 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
4 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $473.2M a year · 11% of revenue · last 6 filings
Fine: a surplus in 4 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
86%
of spending
Looks good: 86% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$38.3M
to officers and key staff · 1% of spending
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 1% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
1 mo
of spending, in cash
Plus $15.60B in investments, Pt X · Ln 11–13
Fine: 1.2 months of spending in cash; 1 to 3.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
74
named funders · $5.4M
Looks good: 74 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$4.9B
23% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 23% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
35
of 37 voting members
Looks good: 35 of 37 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$4.7B
+47% vs prior year
Spent
$3.3B
To programs
86%
Net assets
$16.5B
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$4.7B
FY2021▲ +47%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$3.2B
FY2021$4.7B
FY2022$4.6B
FY2023$3.7B
FY2024$4.5B
FY2025$4.8B
Expenses
$3.3B
FY2021▼ -4%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$3.4B
FY2021$3.3B
FY2022$3.6B
FY2023$3.8B
FY2024$4.1B
FY2025$4.4B
Net assets
$16.5B
FY2021▲ +52%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$10.9B
FY2021$16.5B
FY2022$16.2B
FY2023$15.8B
FY2024$16.6B
FY2025$17.5B

From the FY2021 Form 990 (year ending June 2021) · see the original

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You’re viewing the FY2021 filing — not the latest on file. See the latest (FY2025) →

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Jun 1939.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

86 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 86% · $2.8B Management & general 13% · $423.4M Fundraising 2% · $50.0M

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

63 people listed on the 990; $38.3M paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2020); the FY2021 filing did not itemize Part VII
$12,507,340Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Investment Officer
$3,354,282Pt VII · Sec A
$2,809,635Pt VII · Sec A
Chancellor Health Affairs
$1,996,038Pt VII · Sec A
Director, Global Health Institute
$1,498,704Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee/President
$1,476,476Pt VII · Sec A
VP & Director of Athletics
$1,331,640Pt VII · Sec A
Investment Manager
$1,260,985Pt VII · Sec A

Neal F Triplett’s $4.9M as Chief Investment Officer is at the 96th percentile of top reported officer pay among 674 $100M+ education nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Michael W Krzyzewski——$8,364,652$6,409,991$12,507,340$6,331,096
Neal F Triplett$4,885,718$4,539,339$4,191,717$2,842,965$3,354,282—
David N Cutcliffe——$4,334,560$2,907,206$2,809,635$2,848,237
Manuel Diaz$4,171,974—————
Michael Elko—$3,816,742$3,843,212———
A Eugene Washington MD—$3,135,552$3,142,252$2,678,662$1,996,038$2,555,301
Neal Triplett—————$3,059,765
Jennifer Francis$2,935,454$980,832$944,968$739,504$676,144$613,759

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Provides superior liberal education, prepares future professionals, advances scientific research, and delivers healthcare services to promote global health and alleviate suffering.

Questions for Duke University

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $2.8B · in their own filed words · FY2020
01

Duke university confers undergraduate, graduate, and professionaldegrees to approximately 5,671 students annually

$1.5Bprogram expense
02

Duke university engages in world-renowned research worksponsored by numerous federal, state, local agencies, and private grants

$974.6Mprogram expense
03

Duke university auxiliary enterprises provide supportservices to the duke university community

$322.7Mprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2025
See all 74 funders →
Grants paid · 648 grants · $2.0B · 2019–2024
Unitemized GrantFY2024$185,814,815
Unitemized GrantFY2024$141,665,354
Unitemized GrantFY2024$103,571,865
Unitemized GrantFY2024$37,812,717
Durham Technical Community CollegeFY2024$283,004
Solar Freeze INCMD · FY2024$150,000
Caring House INCNC · FY2024$103,000
National Humanities CenterNC · FY2024$100,000
NC State UniversityFY2024$96,086
See all 648 grants →

By the numbers

The FY2021 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$4.7B
Ln 12
Investment incomeLn 3$1.9B
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.6B
Fees for servicesLn 2g$1.0B
Money outPt IX
$3.3B
Ln 25
Programscol B$2.8B
Managementcol C$423.4M
Fundraisingcol D$50.0M
Owns and owesPt X
$16.5B
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$324.3M
Total assetsLn 16$21.4B
LiabilitiesLn 26$4.9B
PeoplePt VI, VII
63
listed · VII A
PaidVII A27
Voting boardVI 1a37
IndependentVI 1b35
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.6B
Government grantsLn 1e$810.7M
Noncash giftsLn 1g$68.8M
Fundraising eventsLn 1c$2.7M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$1.0B
Investment incomeLn 3$1.9B
Other incomeLn 4–11$87.8M
Gains on assetsLn 7$1.83B
Total revenueLn 12$4.7B
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
SavingsLn 2$324.3M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$324.3M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$15.60B
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$2.79B
Other assetsLn 15$1.93B
Total assetsLn 16$21.4B
LiabilitiesLn 26$4.9B
Net assetsLn 32$16.5B
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 532,100
VolunteersI 615,837
Fiscal year endsHeaderJune
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY21End FY21
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$156.5M$324.3M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$10.63B$15.60B
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$2.83B$2.79B
Total assetsLn 16$15.81B$21.42B
LiabilitiesLn 26$4.93B$4.87B
Net assetsLn 32$10.88B$16.55B
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$109.1M$109.1M
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$283.1M$283.1M
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$5.7M$5.7M
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$20.5M$1.2M$18.2M$1.1M
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$2.2M$2.1M$155K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$1.46B$1.25B$175.4M$36.7M
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$63.2M$53.3M$8.3M$1.6M
Other employee benefitsLn 9$167.0M$99.0M$65.7M$2.3M
Payroll taxesLn 10$101.8M$85.9M$13.3M$2.6M
Legal feesLn 11b$31.1M$2.5M$28.6M$25K
Accounting feesLn 11c$680K$20K$659K
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$651K$651K
Investment management feesLn 11f$26.7M$26.7M
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$139.3M$114.0M$24.6M$799K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$4.5M$3.0M$1.1M$384K
Office expensesLn 13$116.7M$109.5M$6.2M$1.1M
Information technologyLn 14$32.4M$20.2M$11.9M$294K
RoyaltiesLn 15$56.0M$22.0M$34.0M
OccupancyLn 16$101.1M$85.3M$15.6M$268K
TravelLn 17$3.0M$2.9M$119K$9K
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$7.5M$6.1M$1.2M$207K
InterestLn 20$82.8M$47.6M$35.1M$14K
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$276.8M$270.1M$6.6M
InsuranceLn 23$7.2M$4.0M$3.1M$11K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$230.3M$228.2M$1.5M$571K
All other expensesLn 24e−$56.1M−$2.8M−$54.7M$1.4M
Total functional expensesLn 25$3.27B$2.80B$423.4M$50.0M

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest $4.8B$4.4B$404.3M$17.5B 990 PDF
FY2024 $4.5B$4.1B$335.8M$16.6B 990 PDF
FY2023 $3.7B$3.8B−$93.1M$15.8B 990 PDF
FY2022 $4.6B$3.6B$980.1M$16.2B 990 PDF
FY2021 Viewing $4.7B$3.3B$1.4B$16.5B 990 PDF
FY2020 $3.2B$3.4B−$218.1M$10.9B 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support F · Foreign M · Noncash J · Pay O · Explanations
See the full FY2021 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $4,700,604,083 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $1,566,915,508$1,644,602,647
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $1,147,304,702$1,035,370,777
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $400,112,010$1,932,848,147
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $80,157,081$87,782,512
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $3,194,489,301$4,700,604,083
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $410,790,460$397,888,751
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $1,869,620,556$1,812,055,884
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $716,793$651,165
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $1,131,466,816$1,059,962,353
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $3,412,594,625$3,270,558,153
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year −$218,105,324$1,430,045,930
Part VI · Governance 35 of 37 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body37
VI-1b Independent voting members35
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $4,700,604,083 across 14 lines filed
Lines not itemized here account for $96,648,421 of total revenue; see the IRS return.
VIII-1c Fundraising events$2,720,091
VIII-1d Related organizations$126,439,312
VIII-1e Government grants$810,673,743
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$704,769,501
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$68,767,856
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$1,644,602,647
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $955,582,756$955,582,756
VIII-3 Investment incomeUnrelated business $2,096 · Excluded from tax $106,976,347$106,978,443
VIII-5 RoyaltiesExcluded from tax $55,235,424$55,235,424
VIII-6 Net rental income or lossExcluded from tax −$3,042,020−$3,042,020
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax $1,825,869,704$1,825,869,704
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising eventsExcluded from tax −$370,236−$370,236
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Related to mission $19,098,944$19,098,944
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $1,071,330,121 · Unrelated business $2,096 · Excluded from tax $1,984,669,219$4,700,604,083
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $3,270,558,153 across 26 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $109,054,122$109,054,122
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $283,094,718$283,094,718
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsPrograms $5,739,911$5,739,911
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $1,179,802 · Management $18,152,547 · Fundraising $1,132,139$20,464,488
IX-6 Pay of disqualified personsPrograms $2,069,576 · Management $154,716$2,224,292
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $1,245,253,880 · Management $175,447,411 · Fundraising $36,683,002$1,457,384,293
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $53,335,303 · Management $8,269,627 · Fundraising $1,618,520$63,223,450
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $99,021,029 · Management $65,681,504 · Fundraising $2,274,341$166,976,874
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $85,863,706 · Management $13,313,149 · Fundraising $2,605,632$101,782,487
IX-11b Legal feesPrograms $2,500,633 · Management $28,595,992 · Fundraising $25,123$31,121,748
IX-11c Accounting feesPrograms $20,387 · Management $659,201$679,588
IX-11e Professional fundraising feesFundraising $651,165$651,165
IX-11f Investment management feesManagement $26,655,118$26,655,118
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $113,961,445 · Management $24,556,937 · Fundraising $798,792$139,317,174
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $2,979,087 · Management $1,122,990 · Fundraising $384,240$4,486,317
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $109,462,991 · Management $6,209,289 · Fundraising $1,050,820$116,723,100
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $20,220,066 · Management $11,933,360 · Fundraising $293,574$32,447,000
IX-15 RoyaltiesPrograms $21,965,167 · Management $33,988,900$55,954,067
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $85,284,952 · Management $15,567,236 · Fundraising $267,757$101,119,945
IX-17 TravelPrograms $2,907,908 · Management $118,731 · Fundraising $8,833$3,035,472
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $6,084,198 · Management $1,217,208 · Fundraising $206,699$7,508,105
IX-20 InterestPrograms $47,633,742 · Management $35,126,867 · Fundraising $13,904$82,774,513
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $270,112,930 · Management $6,642,121$276,755,051
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $4,023,676 · Management $3,148,505 · Fundraising $10,689$7,182,870
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $228,220,885 · Management $1,489,381 · Fundraising $571,152$230,281,418
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms −$2,839,547 · Management −$54,672,731 · Fundraising $1,433,145−$56,079,133
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $2,797,150,567 · Management $423,378,059 · Fundraising $50,029,527$3,270,558,153
Part X · Balance sheet $21,418,812,041 assets, 20 lines filed
Asset lines not itemized here account for $21,495,475; see the IRS return.
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $156,470,790$324,297,393
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $413,677,298$445,871,185
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $137,527,777$145,553,638
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $21,795,905$19,412,502
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $32,187,814$138,384,778
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $2,828,191,992$2,792,287,888
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $2,327,892,252$3,558,775,861
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $8,305,702,938$12,045,521,709
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $1,558,676,079$1,927,211,612
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $15,807,758,924$21,418,812,041
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $419,434,892$533,292,574
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $214,968,354$222,308,013
X-20 Tax-exempt bond liabilitiesStart of year $379,845,000$371,845,000
X-24 Unsecured notes and loans payableStart of year $2,335,827,327$2,290,820,284
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $1,571,255,393$1,447,414,942
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $4,926,319,700$4,868,988,740
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $4,517,317,546$7,112,788,416
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $6,364,121,678$9,437,034,885
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $10,881,439,224$16,549,823,301
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $15,807,758,924$21,418,812,041
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $16,549,823,301 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$4,700,604,083
XI-2 Total expenses$3,270,558,153
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$1,430,045,930
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$10,881,439,224
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$3,371,502,961
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$866,835,186
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$16,549,823,301

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2021 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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