Is it real?
Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Apr 1973.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File
Where the money goes
74 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.
Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.
Something off? Claim to add context
Who runs it and what they're paid
30 people listed on the 990; $6.2M paid to officers and key staff.
Aaron Kowalski’s $978K as Chief Executive Officer is at the 64th percentile of top reported officer pay among 45 $100M+ diseases & disorders nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.
Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII
| Name | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aaron Kowalski | $978,057 | $861,917 | — | — | $522,416 | $654,519 |
| Derek Rapp Thru 0419 | — | — | — | — | — | $870,371 |
| Aaron Kowalski PHD | — | — | $824,920 | $751,382 | — | — |
| Steven St Peter | $807,240 | $767,591 | $700,527 | $712,891 | $565,167 | — |
| Timothy Doyle | — | $268,477 | $623,521 | $544,030 | — | — |
| Helen Ellias | $603,815 | $569,145 | $545,786 | $529,668 | — | — |
| Robert King | $562,889 | $520,154 | $426,077 | $81,324 | — | — |
| Pamela Morrisroe | $520,341 | $445,368 | $439,408 | — | — | — |
Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.
See Breakthrough T1d executive salaries →Questions the 990 asks
The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.
- Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
- Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes
Programs and updates
Funds and accelerates global research, advocacy, and regulatory support to cure, prevent, and treat type 1 diabetes and its complications.
Questions for Breakthrough T1d
Your first name shows with your question. Breakthrough T1d answers here, for everyone.
Research Funding
For the year ended june 30, 2024, breakthrough T1D (formerly JDRF) directly funded research grants and industry agreements for which $103.5 million in research grant expense, net was recognized according to gaap in addition to $18 million of programmatic research investments that are recorded on breakthrough T1D'S balance sheet.
Research Support
Breakthrough T1D (formerly JDRF) maintains an in-house team of skilled scientific, medical, policy, and government relations professionals who play a critical role in leading and supporting the evaluation of research funding opportunities by breakthrough T1D and influencing research direction and the disbursement of research funds from…
Public Education and Outreach
Breakthrough T1D (formerly JDRF) educates the community about type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its complications and provides support services and resources to newly diagnosed children and adults, their families, and others. For an expanded description of program service activities related to public education and outreach, see schedule o.
Funders
Who pays for it.
From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.
Grants
By the numbers
The FY2024 990, line by line.
Download 990
| Line | FY24 | FY23 | FY22 | FY21 | FY20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| End of yearLn 1g | $8.4M | $7.9M | $7.6M | $8.9M | $7.7M |
| Given inLn 1b | $25K | −$141K | |||
| SpentLn 1d–1f | $303K | $215K | $208K | $908K | $71K |
| Line | Start FY24 | End FY24 |
|---|---|---|
| Cash and savingsLn 1–2 | $13.1M | $13.8M |
| InvestmentsLn 11–13 | $334.8M | $369.3M |
| Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c | $10.1M | $7.7M |
| Total assetsLn 16 | $446.2M | $488.1M |
| LiabilitiesLn 26 | $139.0M | $157.0M |
| Net assetsLn 32 | $307.2M | $331.1M |
| Line | Total | Programs | Management | Fundraising |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1 | $67.1M | $67.1M | ||
| Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3 | $30.6M | $30.6M | ||
| Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5 | $4.6M | $2.9M | $1.3M | $377K |
| Pay of disqualified personsLn 6 | $79K | $47K | $9K | $23K |
| Other salaries and wagesLn 7 | $59.5M | $33.5M | $7.7M | $18.3M |
| Pension plan contributionsLn 8 | $1.9M | $1.1M | $250K | $599K |
| Other employee benefitsLn 9 | $8.4M | $4.5M | $1.2M | $2.7M |
| Payroll taxesLn 10 | $4.5M | $2.5M | $624K | $1.3M |
| Legal feesLn 11b | $812K | $222K | $499K | $91K |
| Accounting feesLn 11c | $330K | $330K | ||
| Lobbying feesLn 11d | $931K | $931K | ||
| Professional fundraising feesLn 11e | $1.3M | $1.3M | ||
| Investment management feesLn 11f | $638K | $638K | ||
| Other fees for servicesLn 11g | $12.0M | $6.8M | $1.7M | $3.5M |
| Advertising and promotionLn 12 | $6.8M | $4.6M | $457K | $1.7M |
| Office expensesLn 13 | $2.7M | $1.6M | $341K | $779K |
| Information technologyLn 14 | $5.0M | $2.8M | $800K | $1.4M |
| OccupancyLn 16 | $5.1M | $3.0M | $671K | $1.5M |
| TravelLn 17 | $4.0M | $2.6M | $286K | $1.1M |
| Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19 | $2.7M | $1.0M | $274K | $1.4M |
| InterestLn 20 | $14K | $11K | $884 | $2K |
| Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22 | $6.8M | $3.9M | $939K | $1.9M |
| InsuranceLn 23 | $668K | $322K | $170K | $177K |
| Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24 | $5.8M | $2.6M | $296K | $2.9M |
| All other expensesLn 24e | −$14K | $119K | −$237K | $104K |
| Total functional expensesLn 25 | $232.1M | $172.7M | $18.3M | $41.1M |
Filing history
| Year | Money in | Money out | In minus out | Net assets | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 LatestFiled with the IRS Apr 14, 2026 | $301.7M | $281.0M | $20.7M | $350.6M | 990 PDF |
| FY2024 ViewingFiled with the IRS Apr 4, 2025 | $258.1M | $232.1M | $26.0M | $331.1M | 990 PDF |
| FY2023Filed with the IRS Apr 12, 2024 | $223.8M | $215.8M | $8.0M | $307.2M | 990 PDF |
| FY2022Filed with the IRS Mar 31, 2023 | $238.6M | $162.9M | $75.7M | $294.9M | 990 PDF |
| FY2021Filed with the IRS Jan 21, 2022 | $223.0M | $115.5M | $107.6M | $260.6M | 990 PDF |
| FY2020Filed with the IRS Apr 8, 2021 | $212.6M | $192.6M | $20.0M | $133.7M | 990 PDF |
Schedules filed Part IV
See the full FY2024 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $258,115,457 revenue, 12 lines filed
Part VI · Governance 14 of 15 board members independent, no flags
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $258,115,457 across 13 lines filed
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $232,130,154 across 25 lines filed
Part X · Balance sheet $488,117,647 assets, 20 lines filed
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $331,069,701 net assets at year end
Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2024 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File
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