To improve access to knowledge and education for people around the world.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
91¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$5.7M paid to officers and key staff.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2022 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2024
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2024, 2 tax years back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
4 of 5
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $7.5M a year · 7% of revenue · last 5 filings
Fine: a surplus in 4 of the last 5 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 5 filings
Spent on programs
91%
of spending
Looks good: 91% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$5.7M
to officers and key staff · 5% of spending
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 5% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
3 mo
of spending, in cash
Plus $241.2M in investments, Pt X · Ln 11–13
Looks good: 3.3 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
12
named funders · $5.2M
Looks good: 12 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$170.3M
56% of total assets
Fine: liabilities are 56% of assets; 50% to 65%.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
10
of 11 voting members
Looks good: 10 of 11 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$115.2M
-6% vs prior year
Spent
$107.2M
To programs
91%
Net assets
$135.9M
By yearFY2020–FY2024
Revenue
$115.2M
FY2022▼ -6%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$107.0M
FY2021$122.8M
FY2022$115.2M
FY2023$106.0M
FY2024$126.0M
Expenses
$107.2M
FY2022▲ +6%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$101.6M
FY2021$101.2M
FY2022$107.2M
FY2023$117.2M
FY2024$112.2M
Net assets
$135.9M
FY2022▼ -28%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$155.4M
FY2021$188.7M
FY2022$135.9M
FY2023$164.7M
FY2024$195.0M

From the FY2022 Form 990 · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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You’re viewing the FY2022 filing — not the latest on file. See the latest (FY2024) →

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2024. IRS ruling in Jan 1996.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

91 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 91% · $97.3M Management & general 9% · $9.4M Fundraising 0% · $502K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

32 people listed on the 990; $5.7M paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
Trustee & President
$615,533Pt VII · Sec A
VP, Institutional Participation
$444,052Pt VII · Sec A
VP, General Counsel & Secretary
$339,712Pt VII · Sec A
Managing Director, Ithaka S+r
$334,564Pt VII · Sec A
SR VP, Open Collections
$327,906Pt VII · Sec A
VP, Product & Design
$302,678Pt VII · Sec A
VP, Platform Engineering and Ops
$297,348Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
$294,564Pt VII · Sec A

Kevin Guthrie’s $583K as Trustee & President is at the 0th percentile of top reported officer pay among 5 $100M+ social science nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Kevin Guthrie$582,553$622,956$615,533$574,642—
Kevin M Guthrie————$575,133
Rebecca Seger$381,807$358,537$444,052$378,468$291,664
Michelle Lee$394,824$351,831———
Nancy Kopans$374,408$357,496$339,712$330,582$324,308
Catharine Hill$373,886$347,775———
Gerard Aurigemma Thru 52023$175,000$347,301———
Matt Macqueen$338,223$312,585—$299,930—

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Improves global access to knowledge and education for all.

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $97.3M · in their own filed words · FY2022
01

Jstor

See schedule ojstor provides a platform for discovering and connecting research, images, and primary sources. We collaborate with libraries, museums, and publishers to reduce costs, extend access, and preserve scholarship for the future.

$85.1Mprogram expense
02

Ithaka S+r

See schedule oithaka S+R provides collaborative strategies and research for higher education and the arts. We collaborate with foundations, consortia, and individual institutions to seek solutions and inform policies in a rapidly changing environment.

$6.2Mprogram expense
03

Portico

See schedule oportico is a community-supported preservation archive that safeguards access to e-journals, e-books, and digital collections. Our unique, trusted process ensures that the content we preserve will remain accessible and usable for researchers, scholars, and students in the future.

$6.0Mprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · funders on record
Grants received · FY2024
See all 12 funders →

By the numbers

The FY2022 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$115.2M
Ln 12
Fees for servicesLn 2g$96.9M
Investment incomeLn 3$12.0M
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$6.5M
Money outPt IX
$107.2M
Ln 25
Programscol B$97.3M
Managementcol C$9.4M
Fundraisingcol D$502K
Owns and owesPt X
$135.9M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$29.3M
Total assetsLn 16$306.2M
LiabilitiesLn 26$170.3M
PeoplePt VI, VII
32
listed · VII A
PaidVII A30
Voting boardVI 1a11
IndependentVI 1b10
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$6.5M
Government grantsLn 1e$116K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$96.9M
Investment incomeLn 3$12.0M
Gains on assetsLn 7−$843K
Total revenueLn 12$115.2M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$165
SavingsLn 2$29.3M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$29.3M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$241.2M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$1.8M
Other assetsLn 15$21.4M
Total assetsLn 16$306.2M
LiabilitiesLn 26$170.3M
Net assetsLn 32$135.9M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 5431
VolunteersI 60
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY22End FY22
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$26.3M$29.3M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$279.0M$241.2M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$2.4M$1.8M
Total assetsLn 16$329.7M$306.2M
LiabilitiesLn 26$141.1M$170.3M
Net assetsLn 32$188.7M$135.9M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$4.5M$4.2M$220K$115K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$39.3M$34.9M$4.1M$254K
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$4.2M$3.8M$397K$40K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$7.0M$6.5M$530K$66K
Payroll taxesLn 10$2.9M$2.6M$316K$27K
Legal feesLn 11b$217K$217K
Accounting feesLn 11c$143K$143K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$7.7M$6.1M$1.6M
Advertising and promotionLn 12$40K$37K$2K
Office expensesLn 13$336K$189K$147K
Information technologyLn 14$9.5M$9.2M$305K
OccupancyLn 16$4.5M$3.8M$626K
TravelLn 17$1.0M$893K$130K
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$121K$121K
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$2.5M$2.5M$31K
InsuranceLn 23$353K$353K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$22.0M$22.0M$5K
All other expensesLn 24e$780K$266K$515K
Total functional expensesLn 25$107.2M$97.3M$9.4M$502K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2024 Latest $126.0M$112.2M$13.7M$195.0M 990 PDF
FY2023 $106.0M$117.2M−$11.2M$164.7M 990 PDF
FY2022 Viewing $115.2M$107.2M$8.0M$135.9M 990 PDF
FY2021 $122.8M$101.2M$21.6M$188.7M 990 PDF
FY2020 $107.0M$101.6M$5.4M$155.4M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support J · Pay O · Explanations
See the full FY2022 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $115,151,783 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $4,510,666$6,513,946
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $98,741,791$96,904,789
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $19,699,451$11,969,712
I-11 Other revenuePrior year −$166,307−$236,664
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $122,785,601$115,151,783
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $0$0
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $54,708,788$58,025,078
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $46,465,101$49,173,533
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $101,173,889$107,198,611
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $21,611,712$7,953,172
Part VI · Governance 10 of 11 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body11
VI-1b Independent voting members10
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $115,151,783 across 8 lines filed
VIII-1e Government grants$115,972
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$6,397,974
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$6,513,946
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $96,904,789$96,904,789
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $12,813,195$12,813,195
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax −$843,483−$843,483
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Related to mission $17,395 · Excluded from tax −$254,059−$236,664
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $96,922,184 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $11,715,653$115,151,783
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $107,198,611 across 18 lines filed
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $4,186,251 · Management $220,120 · Fundraising $115,097$4,521,468
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $34,926,265 · Management $4,099,886 · Fundraising $253,691$39,279,842
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $3,798,646 · Management $397,201 · Fundraising $39,533$4,235,380
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $6,454,366 · Management $529,675 · Fundraising $65,803$7,049,844
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $2,595,138 · Management $315,978 · Fundraising $27,428$2,938,544
IX-11b Legal feesPrograms $217,074$217,074
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $142,537$142,537
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $6,135,360 · Management $1,581,807$7,717,167
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $37,422 · Management $2,327$39,749
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $188,784 · Management $147,231$336,015
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $9,191,894 · Management $305,441$9,497,335
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $3,846,808 · Management $626,065$4,472,873
IX-17 TravelPrograms $892,622 · Management $130,332$1,022,954
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $121,252$121,252
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $2,467,931 · Management $30,552$2,498,483
IX-23 InsuranceManagement $353,193$353,193
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $21,970,016 · Management $4,636$21,974,652
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $265,720 · Management $514,529$780,249
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $97,295,549 · Management $9,401,510 · Fundraising $501,552$107,198,611
Part X · Balance sheet $306,195,341 assets, 17 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $165$165
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $26,314,123$29,289,084
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $2,663,198$4,689,560
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $7,086,122$3,918,330
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $3,719,487$3,854,349
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $2,389,474$1,819,439
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $279,047,613$241,200,517
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $8,513,554$21,423,897
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $329,733,736$306,195,341
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $27,390,299$26,914,039
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $113,022,942$126,495,359
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $641,652$16,899,023
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $141,054,893$170,308,421
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $183,930,545$128,017,451
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $4,748,298$7,869,469
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $188,678,843$135,886,920
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $329,733,736$306,195,341
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $135,886,920 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$115,151,783
XI-2 Total expenses$107,198,611
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$7,953,172
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$188,678,843
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments−$60,591,283
XI-9 Other changes in net assets−$153,812
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$135,886,920

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2022 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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