Acquisition or control and conservation of land in Litchfield County and the Town of Cornwall, Connecticut. To promote scientific study and educational endeavors. To use all the properties held or controlled for the benefit of the general public.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
54¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 30 volunteers.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

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FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
6 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $569K a year · 83% of revenue · last 6 filings
Looks good: a surplus in 6 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
54%
of spending
Worth a look: 54% of spending went to programs; under 65%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
47 mo
of spending, in cash
Plus $14.1M in investments, Pt X · Ln 11–13
Looks good: 46.8 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
2
named funders · $202K
Fine: 2 funders name it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$113K
0.8% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 1% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
14
of 14 voting members
Looks good: 14 of 14 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$1.2M
+80% vs prior year
Spent
$105K
To programs
54%
Net assets
$14.5M
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$1.2M
FY2025▲ +80%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$1.1M
FY2021$667K
FY2022$235K
FY2023$228K
FY2024$658K
FY2025$1.2M
Expenses
$105K
FY2025▼ -17%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$125K
FY2021$132K
FY2022$105K
FY2023$89K
FY2024$126K
FY2025$105K
Net assets
$14.5M
FY2025▲ +9%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$11.9M
FY2021$12.5M
FY2022$12.5M
FY2023$12.7M
FY2024$13.3M
FY2025$14.5M

From the FY2025 Form 990 · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Sep 1987.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

54 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 54% · $56K Management & general 39% · $41K Fundraising 7% · $8K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

16 people listed on the 990.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Treasurer
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Director
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
See Cornwall Conservation Trust INC executive salaries →

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aNo

Programs and updates

Protects and conserves land for public benefit, scientific study, and education.

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $1.1M · in their own filed words · FY2025
01

Land Acquisition

CCT accepted a donation of 65.269 acres of undeveloped land located on Johnson Road in the Town of Cornwall. The property's appraised value is $1,000,000 and Costs related to the acceptance of the donated land of $6,912, are capitalized. Total FMV + costs = $1,006,912.

$1.0Mprogram expense
02

Stewardship Expenditures

o Cornwall Conservation Trust's land manager works on mapping, staking, laying out trails and other stewardship activities relating to the Trust's properties. o Insurance on the Trust's properties; o Mapping; o Communication with members and townspeople, including enhancements to newsletter and invitations to townspeople to enjoy newly…

$47Kprogram expense
03

Ancillary Land Acquisition Costs

Legal fees of $2,900, survey fees of $36,800 and appraisal fees of $2,000, associated with the anticipated land acquistions in future years. Total cost $41,700.

$42Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2025
Total grants receivedfrom 2 funders$202K
Grants paid · 5 grants · $39K · 2020–2025
Unitemized GrantFY2025$9,000
Unitemized GrantFY2024$9,000
Unitemized GrantFY2023$6,000
Unitemized GrantFY2021$7,200
Unitemized GrantFY2020$7,700

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$1.2M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.1M
Investment incomeLn 3$89K
Other incomeLn 4–11$5K
Money outPt IX
$105K
Ln 25
Programscol B$56K
Managementcol C$41K
Fundraisingcol D$8K
Owns and owesPt X
$14.5M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$409K
Total assetsLn 16$14.6M
LiabilitiesLn 26$113K
PeoplePt VI, VII
16
listed · VII A
PaidVII A0
Voting boardVI 1a14
IndependentVI 1b14
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.1M
Government grantsLn 1e$2K
Noncash giftsLn 1g$1.0M
Investment incomeLn 3$89K
Other incomeLn 4–11$5K
Gains on assetsLn 7$50K
Total revenueLn 12$1.2M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$65K
SavingsLn 2$344K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$409K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$14.1M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0
Other assetsLn 15$0
Total assetsLn 16$14.6M
LiabilitiesLn 26$113K
Net assetsLn 32$14.5M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 50
VolunteersI 630
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$192K$409K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$13.1M$14.1M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0
Total assetsLn 16$13.3M$14.6M
LiabilitiesLn 26$19K$113K
Net assetsLn 32$13.3M$14.5M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$0
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$9K$9K
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$0
Benefits paid to or for membersLn 4$0
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$0
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$0
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$0
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$0
Other employee benefitsLn 9$0
Payroll taxesLn 10$0
Management feesLn 11a$15K$13K$2K
Legal feesLn 11b$113$113
Accounting feesLn 11c$13K$13K
Lobbying feesLn 11d$0
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$0
Investment management feesLn 11f$10K$10K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$27K$19K$6K$3K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$0
Office expensesLn 13$3K$3K
Information technologyLn 14$0
RoyaltiesLn 15$0
OccupancyLn 16$13K$4K$6K$3K
TravelLn 17$0
Travel and entertainment for public officialsLn 18$0
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$694$694
InterestLn 20$0
Payments to affiliatesLn 21$0
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$0
InsuranceLn 23$9K$9K$921
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$5K$3K$205$2K
All other expensesLn 24e$282$282
Total functional expensesLn 25$105K$56K$41K$8K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest Viewing $1.2M$105K$1.1M$14.5M 990 PDF
FY2024 $658K$126K$532K$13.3M 990 PDF
FY2023 $228K$89K$140K$12.7M 990 PDF
FY2022 $235K$105K$130K$12.5M 990 PDF
FY2021 $667K$132K$535K$12.5M 990 PDF
FY2020 $1.1M$125K$999K$11.9M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support M · Noncash O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $1,182,407 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $622,123$1,088,407
I-9 Program service revenue$0
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $35,917$88,892
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $369$5,108
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $658,409$1,182,407
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $9,000$9,000
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefits$0
I-16a Professional fundraising fees$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $117,280$95,961
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $126,280$104,961
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $532,129$1,077,446
Part VI · Governance 14 of 14 board members independent, 1 to look at
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body14
VI-1b Independent voting members14
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payNo
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $1,182,407 across 10 lines filed
VIII-1e Government grants$2,000
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$1,086,407
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$1,000,000
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$1,088,407
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $38,686$38,686
VIII-5 Royalties$0
VIII-6 Net rental income or lossExcluded from tax $5,108$5,108
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax $50,206$50,206
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising events$0
VIII-12 Total revenueExcluded from tax $94,000$1,182,407
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $104,961 across 31 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizations$0
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $9,000$9,000
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipients$0
IX-4 Benefits paid to or for members$0
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staff$0
IX-6 Pay of disqualified persons$0
IX-7 Other salaries and wages$0
IX-8 Pension plan contributions$0
IX-9 Other employee benefits$0
IX-10 Payroll taxes$0
IX-11a Management feesPrograms $12,874 · Management $1,721$14,595
IX-11b Legal feesPrograms $113$113
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $13,374$13,374
IX-11d Lobbying fees$0
IX-11f Investment management feesManagement $10,456$10,456
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $18,843 · Management $5,699 · Fundraising $2,808$27,350
IX-12 Advertising and promotion$0
IX-13 Office expensesManagement $2,550$2,550
IX-14 Information technology$0
IX-15 Royalties$0
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $3,679 · Management $5,860 · Fundraising $3,012$12,551
IX-17 Travel$0
IX-18 Travel and entertainment for public officials$0
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $694$694
IX-20 Interest$0
IX-21 Payments to affiliates$0
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortization$0
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $8,506 · Management $921$9,427
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $2,531 · Management $205 · Fundraising $1,833$4,569
IX-24e All other expensesManagement $282$282
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $56,240 · Management $41,068 · Fundraising $7,653$104,961
Part X · Balance sheet $14,595,089 assets, 20 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $47,396$64,825
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $144,398$344,203
X-3 Pledges and grants receivable$0
X-4 Accounts receivable$0
X-8 Inventories for sale or use$0
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $25,624$67,025
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, net$0
X-11 Publicly traded securities$0
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $1,196,626$1,215,343
X-13 Program-related investmentsStart of year $11,896,782$12,903,693
X-14 Intangible assets$0
X-15 Other assets$0
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $13,310,826$14,595,089
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $16,598$8,212
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $2,500$104,300
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $19,098$112,512
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $7,071,261$8,841,820
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $6,220,467$5,640,757
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $13,291,728$14,482,577
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $13,310,826$14,595,089
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $14,482,577 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$1,182,407
XI-2 Total expenses$104,961
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$1,077,446
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$13,291,728
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$113,403
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$14,482,577

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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