Is it real?
Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Jun 1934.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File
Where the money goes
89 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.
Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.
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Who runs it and what they're paid
45 people listed on the 990; $8.7M paid to officers and key staff.
Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2024); the FY2025 filing did not itemize Part VII
Former Chief Investment Officer (through June 30, 2023)
$1,637,836Pt VII · Sec A
President
$820,656Pt VII · Sec A
Managing Director/Investment Office
$634,016Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Investment Officer (effective July 1, 2023)
$585,520Pt VII · Sec A
VP for Finance & Operations, Treasurer
$579,806Pt VII · Sec A
Director of Investment Operations
$443,751Pt VII · Sec A
VP of College Relations
$428,086Pt VII · Sec A
Managing Dir / COO, Inv Office
$425,021Pt VII · Sec A
Managing Director/Investment Office
$382,376Pt VII · Sec A
Provost
$310,313Pt VII · Sec A
Dean of the College
$308,502Pt VII · Sec A
Professor of English
$295,707Pt VII · Sec A
Dean of the Faculty
$294,514Pt VII · Sec A
VP for Institutional Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
$274,976Pt VII · Sec A
Former VP of Communications, Special Advisor to the President for Executive Communications
$216,834Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Communications Officer (effective July 1, 2024)
$213,391Pt VII · Sec A
Former Provost, Prof of Economics
$211,244Pt VII · Sec A
Former Dean of College, Prof of Psych
$199,819Pt VII · Sec A
Former Dean of the Faculty, Prof of Religion
$182,923Pt VII · Sec A
Secretary of the College (through July 14, 2024)
$179,983Pt VII · Sec A
Secretary to the Board of Trustees (effective July 15, 2024)
$99,703Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee/Chair
$0Pt VII · Sec A
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$0Pt VII · Sec A
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Collette Chilton’s $1.6M as Former Chief Investment Officer (through June 30, 2023) is at the 88th percentile of top reported officer pay among 674 $100M+ education nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.
Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII
| Name | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Collette Chilton | $1,637,836 | $916,166 | $1,207,165 | $1,816,881 | $1,530,757 | $1,415,408 |
| Maud Mandel | $820,656 | $674,852 | $613,569 | $594,552 | $561,604 | $554,405 |
| Julia Crosby | — | — | $369,240 | $779,434 | $682,233 | $644,985 |
| Bradford Wakeman | $425,021 | $474,042 | $549,467 | $723,305 | $651,063 | — |
| Abigail Wattley | $585,520 | $565,011 | $590,819 | $710,446 | $591,165 | — |
| Bradford B Wakeman | — | — | — | — | — | $635,446 |
| Paul Mace | $634,016 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Michael Wagner | $579,806 | $557,196 | $581,305 | $252,221 | — | — |
Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.
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Questions the 990 asks
The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.
- Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2Yes
- Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes
- Loans to or from officersSch L · Pt II4 listed
Programs and updates
Provides a comprehensive liberal arts education to undergraduate and graduate students through diverse degree programs in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences.
Questions for Williams College
Your first name shows with your question. Williams College answers here, for everyone.
Provided by the organization
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1 program · $352.2M · in their own filed words · FY2024
01
Williams is an independent liberal arts college for approximately 2,100 full-time undergraduate and 50 graduate students who come from all of the 50 states and countries from around the world.
$352.2Mprogram expense
Funders
Who pays for it.
From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.
Grants
Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2025
The Margeret Ellen Nielsen FoundationFY2025$150K
The Ayco Charitable FoundationFY2025$58K
Tabell Family FoundationFY2025$50K
Crowley FoundationFY2025$25K
Jaquith Family FoundationFY2025$8K
Total grants receivedfrom 19 funders$474K
Grants paid · 102 grants · $378.8M · 2019–2024
Unitemized GrantFY2024$76,324,302
Williamstown Fire DistrictFY2024$1,033,233
Mt Greylock Regional High SchoolFY2024$190,000
Boston Foundation INCMA · FY2024$146,116
Taconic Golf Club INCFY2024$108,886
Center for Ecotechnology INCMA · FY2024$100,000
Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art Foundation INCMA · FY2024$50,000
Williamstown Community ChestMA · FY2024$32,564
Community Images INCMA · FY2024$26,100
Williamstown Youth Center INCMA · FY2024$15,000
NAACP Berkshire County BranchFY2024$13,300
Willinet INCMA · FY2024$10,625
Stockbridge-Munsee CommunityFY2024$8,000
Soul Fire Farm Institute INCNY · FY2024$8,000
Rites of Passage & Empowerment INCMA · FY2024$8,000
Multicultural BridgeMA · FY2024$8,000
Harmony Homestead & Wholeness CenterNY · FY2024$8,000
Berkshire Immigrant Center INCMA · FY2024$8,000
By the numbers
The FY2025 990, line by line.
Download 990
1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$528.8M
Ln 12
Investment incomeLn 3$240.4M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$190.2M
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$98.1M
Money outPt IX
$396.6M
Ln 25
Programscol B$352.2M
Managementcol C$33.5M
Fundraisingcol D$11.0M
Owns and owesPt X
$4.4B
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$275.5M
Total assetsLn 16$5.5B
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.1B
PeoplePt VI, VII
45
listed · VII A
PaidVII A21
Voting boardVI 1a25
IndependentVI 1b24
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$98.1M
Government grantsLn 1e$5.8M
Noncash giftsLn 1g$16.4M
Fundraising eventsLn 1c$0
Fees for servicesLn 2g$190.2M
Investment incomeLn 3$240.4M
Other incomeLn 4–11$68K
Gains on assetsLn 7$226.7M
Total revenueLn 12$528.8M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$8.7M
SavingsLn 2$266.8M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$275.5M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$4.38B
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$738.8M
Other assetsLn 15$24.4M
Total assetsLn 16$5.5B
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.1B
Net assetsLn 32$4.4B
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 53,351
VolunteersI 67,681
Fiscal year endsHeaderJune
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
| Line | Start FY25 | End FY25 |
|---|---|---|
| Cash and savingsLn 1–2 | $180.3M | $275.5M |
| InvestmentsLn 11–13 | $4.07B | $4.38B |
| Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c | $696.0M | $738.8M |
| Total assetsLn 16 | $5.08B | $5.54B |
| LiabilitiesLn 26 | $967.0M | $1.13B |
| Net assetsLn 32 | $4.11B | $4.41B |
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
| Line | Total | Programs | Management | Fundraising |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1 | $1.9M | $1.9M | ||
| Grants to domestic individualsLn 2 | $76.3M | $76.3M | ||
| Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3 | $1.8M | $1.8M | ||
| Benefits paid to or for membersLn 4 | $0 | $0 | ||
| Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5 | $4.2M | $1.2M | $1.8M | $1.2M |
| Pay of disqualified personsLn 6 | $514K | $475K | $39K | $0 |
| Other salaries and wagesLn 7 | $128.8M | $109.2M | $13.7M | $5.9M |
| Pension plan contributionsLn 8 | $11.0M | $9.4M | $909K | $654K |
| Other employee benefitsLn 9 | $31.9M | $26.9M | $3.8M | $1.2M |
| Payroll taxesLn 10 | $9.5M | $7.9M | $951K | $581K |
| Management feesLn 11a | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| Legal feesLn 11b | $1.1M | $36K | $1.0M | $0 |
| Accounting feesLn 11c | $308K | $272K | $32K | $3K |
| Lobbying feesLn 11d | $194K | $173K | $15K | $7K |
| Professional fundraising feesLn 11e | $0 | $0 | ||
| Investment management feesLn 11f | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| Other fees for servicesLn 11g | $24.3M | $20.7M | $2.9M | $641K |
| Advertising and promotionLn 12 | $497K | $291K | $202K | $5K |
| Office expensesLn 13 | $4.2M | $4.0M | $154K | $26K |
| Information technologyLn 14 | $4.7M | $4.3M | $191K | $183K |
| RoyaltiesLn 15 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| OccupancyLn 16 | $8.8M | $8.6M | $209K | $0 |
| TravelLn 17 | $7.3M | $6.4M | $464K | $444K |
| Travel and entertainment for public officialsLn 18 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19 | $246K | $202K | $29K | $15K |
| InterestLn 20 | $13.5M | $13.5M | $11K | $0 |
| Payments to affiliatesLn 21 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22 | $28.7M | $24.9M | $3.7M | $16K |
| InsuranceLn 23 | $2.6M | $25K | $2.6M | $246 |
| Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24 | $25.5M | $25.2M | $309K | $35K |
| All other expensesLn 24e | $8.9M | $8.3M | $432K | $89K |
| Total functional expensesLn 25 | $396.6M | $352.2M | $33.5M | $11.0M |
Filing history
| Year | Money in | Money out | In minus out | Net assets | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 Latest Viewing | $528.8M | $396.6M | $132.2M | $4.4B | 990 PDF |
| FY2024 | $447.9M | $366.1M | $81.8M | $4.1B | 990 PDF |
| FY2023 | $424.1M | $357.0M | $67.1M | $3.9B | 990 PDF |
| FY2022 | $557.2M | $335.6M | $221.5M | $3.9B | 990 PDF |
| FY2021 | $397.4M | $310.4M | $87.0M | $4.4B | 990 PDF |
| FY2020 | $349.9M | $323.5M | $26.4M | $3.2B | 990 PDF |
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Schedules filed Part IV
III · Programs
R · Related orgs
G · Fundraising
L · Interested persons
I · Grants
A · Public support
F · Foreign
M · Noncash
J · Pay
O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $528,792,709 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $87,694,599$98,079,024
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $176,518,559$190,235,968
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $184,172,321$240,409,443
I-11 Other revenuePrior year −$492,911$68,274
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $447,892,568$528,792,709
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $73,317,642$79,937,160
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $171,686,961$185,860,809
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $121,084,994$130,811,739
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $366,089,597$396,609,708
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $81,802,971$132,183,001
Part VI · Governance 24 of 25 board members independent, 1 to look at
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body25
VI-1b Independent voting members24
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsYes
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $528,792,709 across 15 lines filed
Lines not itemized here account for $4,293,759 of total revenue; see the IRS return.
VIII-1a Federated campaigns$0
VIII-1b Membership dues$0
VIII-1c Fundraising events$0
VIII-1d Related organizations$0
VIII-1e Government grants$5,845,381
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$92,233,643
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$16,366,726
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$98,079,024
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $186,370,490 · Unrelated business $3,865,478 · Excluded from tax $0$190,235,968
VIII-3 Investment incomeRelated to mission $0 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $9,450,237$9,450,237
VIII-5 RoyaltiesRelated to mission $0 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $0$0
VIII-6 Net rental income or lossRelated to mission $0 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $68,274$68,274
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsRelated to mission $0 · Unrelated business $59,423,208 · Excluded from tax $167,242,239$226,665,447
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising eventsUnrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $0$0
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $186,370,490 · Unrelated business $63,288,686 · Excluded from tax $181,054,509$528,792,709
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $396,609,708 across 31 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $1,861,608$1,861,608
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $76,324,302$76,324,302
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsPrograms $1,751,250$1,751,250
IX-4 Benefits paid to or for membersPrograms $0$0
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $1,182,128 · Management $1,817,942 · Fundraising $1,200,644$4,200,714
IX-6 Pay of disqualified personsPrograms $475,303 · Management $38,595 · Fundraising $0$513,898
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $109,247,916 · Management $13,702,762 · Fundraising $5,877,674$128,828,352
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $9,410,080 · Management $908,545 · Fundraising $654,043$10,972,668
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $26,919,124 · Management $3,756,047 · Fundraising $1,194,822$31,869,993
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $7,943,200 · Management $951,424 · Fundraising $580,560$9,475,184
IX-11a Management feesPrograms $0 · Management $0 · Fundraising $0$0
IX-11b Legal feesPrograms $35,721 · Management $1,016,140 · Fundraising $0$1,051,861
IX-11c Accounting feesPrograms $272,428 · Management $32,392 · Fundraising $3,132$307,952
IX-11d Lobbying feesPrograms $172,632 · Management $14,811 · Fundraising $6,978$194,421
IX-11e Professional fundraising feesFundraising $0$0
IX-11f Investment management feesPrograms $0 · Management $0 · Fundraising $0$0
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $20,680,515 · Management $2,944,772 · Fundraising $641,183$24,266,470
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $290,514 · Management $201,848 · Fundraising $4,652$497,014
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $4,046,598 · Management $153,936 · Fundraising $25,952$4,226,486
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $4,315,397 · Management $190,705 · Fundraising $182,591$4,688,693
IX-15 RoyaltiesPrograms $0 · Management $0 · Fundraising $0$0
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $8,628,573 · Management $208,988 · Fundraising $0$8,837,561
IX-17 TravelPrograms $6,425,595 · Management $464,340 · Fundraising $443,736$7,333,671
IX-18 Travel and entertainment for public officialsPrograms $0 · Management $0 · Fundraising $0$0
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $202,018 · Management $28,590 · Fundraising $15,347$245,955
IX-20 InterestPrograms $13,524,507 · Management $11,042 · Fundraising $0$13,535,549
IX-21 Payments to affiliatesPrograms $0 · Management $0 · Fundraising $0$0
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $24,934,776 · Management $3,713,079 · Fundraising $15,617$28,663,472
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $25,289 · Management $2,562,196 · Fundraising $246$2,587,731
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $25,178,995 · Management $308,504 · Fundraising $35,352$25,522,851
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $8,331,128 · Management $432,037 · Fundraising $88,887$8,852,052
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $352,179,597 · Management $33,458,695 · Fundraising $10,971,416$396,609,708
Part X · Balance sheet $5,540,530,680 assets, 24 lines filed
Asset lines not itemized here account for $13,989,008; see the IRS return.
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $17,173,404$8,723,672
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $163,095,192$266,787,897
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $63,551,891$79,950,864
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $1,926,859$2,043,339
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $371,789$394,237
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $21,779,822$24,771,702
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $695,982,249$738,807,784
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $39,724,949$39,366,536
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $4,033,354,441$4,340,700,468
X-13 Program-related investmentsStart of year $694,900$545,310
X-14 Intangible assetsStart of year $0$0
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $24,144,390$24,449,863
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $5,075,834,072$5,540,530,680
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $65,665,286$76,473,319
X-18 Grants payableStart of year $0$0
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $1,397,478$832,482
X-20 Tax-exempt bond liabilitiesStart of year $355,877,919$466,021,883
X-24 Unsecured notes and loans payableStart of year $9,030,455$8,718,812
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $479,514,093$524,582,902
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $967,033,419$1,131,930,171
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $699,391,183$740,342,583
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $3,409,409,470$3,668,257,926
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $4,108,800,653$4,408,600,509
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $5,075,834,072$5,540,530,680
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $4,408,600,509 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$528,792,709
XI-2 Total expenses$396,609,708
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$132,183,001
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$4,108,800,653
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$169,708,127
XI-6 Donated services and use of facilities$0
XI-7 Investment expenses$0
XI-8 Prior period adjustments$0
XI-9 Other changes in net assets−$2,091,272
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$4,408,600,509
Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File
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