Capstone Community Action INC

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We are dedicated to creating resilient households and communities and to advancing justice in social, economic and environmental policy. We empower individuals with the tools and resources to move beyond poverty. Through advocacy and Community collaboration, we champion positive social change. We guide people to have a voice in their own transformation and promote a vision of what is possible.

Form 990 Part I, line 1, FY2025. The organization’s own words, as filed with the IRS. Find it at the IRS (EIN 03-0216254) · Dispute this line
501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
88¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 315 volunteers and 207 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
The IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
The latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
6 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $775K a year · 3% of revenue · last 6 filings
A surplus in 6 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
88%
of spending
88% of spending went to programs.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$976K
to officers and key staff · 4% of spending
Pay to officers and key staff is 4% of spending.
Part VII, Section A
2.8 mo
of spending, in cash
2.8 months of spending in cash.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
2
named funders · $256K
2 funders name it on their filings.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$4.3M
29% of total assets
Liabilities are 29% of assets.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
12
of 12 voting members
12 of 12 voting members are independent.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Revenue
$24.7M
-14% vs prior year
Spent
$23.9M
To programs
88%
Net assets
$10.4M
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$24.7M
FY2025▼ -14%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$16.4M
FY2021$18.8M
FY2022$20.5M
FY2023$26.5M
FY2024$28.7M
FY2025$24.7M
Expenses
$23.9M
FY2025▼ -15%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$15.8M
FY2021$17.7M
FY2022$20.1M
FY2023$25.4M
FY2024$28.2M
FY2025$23.9M
Net assets
$10.4M
FY2025▲ +9%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$6.2M
FY2021$7.3M
FY2022$7.8M
FY2023$9.1M
FY2024$9.6M
FY2025$10.4M

From the FY2025 Form 990 (year ending September 2025) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Jun 1965.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

88 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 88% · $21.1M Management & general 11% · $2.7M Fundraising 0% · $95K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

20 people listed on the 990; $976K paid to officers and key staff (Part VII, Section A).

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
Executive Director (former)
$146,825Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Financial Officer
$129,994Pt VII · Sec A
Chief of Operations
$129,935Pt VII · Sec A
Wx Interim Director & Agen
$119,633Pt VII · Sec A
Weatherization and Climate
$116,550Pt VII · Sec A
Head Start Director
$116,298Pt VII · Sec A
Director of Equity, Engagement, and Advocacy
$109,405Pt VII · Sec A
Executive Director
$107,051Pt VII · Sec A

Susan Minter’s $147K as Executive Director (former) is at the 18th percentile of top reported officer pay among 3122 $10–100M human services nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Susan Minter$146,825$130,197$117,913$117,303$117,186$117,195
Colleen Lafont$129,994$112,549$102,792$97,189$97,174—
Sarah McMullen$129,935$114,691$107,069$100,031$100,390—
Randy Drury—$127,801————
Paul Zabriskie$116,550$125,109$113,227$105,084$103,946—
Philip Cecchini$119,633$123,753$115,578—$107,948—
Christy Swenson$116,298$108,658$104,874———
Denise Bailey$109,405—————

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

See Capstone Community Action INC executive salaries →

Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Empowers people with resources and advocacy to build resilient communities and achieve social, economic, and environmental justice.

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3 programs · $18.5M · in their own filed words · FY2024
01

Weatherization

Capstone's weatherization team is dedicated to improving energy effciency and cost savings for low-income vermonters. We conduct home energy audits, installation of insulation, draft reduction, heating system efficiency improvements, installation of energy efficient lighting, hot water heater replacement or insulation, and more.

Form 990 Part III, line 4, FY2024. The organization’s own words, as filed with the IRS. Find it at the IRS (EIN 03-0216254) · Dispute this line
$8.7Mprogram expense
02

Early Childhood and Family Development (head Start)

In 2024-2025, capstone's head start and early head start programs prepared 287 young children for future success in school and in life through the operation of licensed child care centers, partnerships with local schools, and provision of services to families in their homes.

Form 990 Part III, line 4, FY2024. The organization’s own words, as filed with the IRS. Find it at the IRS (EIN 03-0216254) · Dispute this line
$7.3Mprogram expense
03

Family and Community Support Services (fcss)

Provides crisis assistance to people in need of housing, utilities, and home heating fuel. FCSS provides 24/7 coverage during the winter season to ensure a lack of fuel does not create unsafe home conditions for low-income vermonters. This year, we provided 840 adults and 527 children with fuel assistance in the harsh winter season.

Form 990 Part III, line 4, FY2024. The organization’s own words, as filed with the IRS. Find it at the IRS (EIN 03-0216254) · Dispute this line
$2.6Mprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2025
Apm Cares INCFY2025$56K
Total grants receivedfrom 2 funders$256K
Grants paid · 35 grants · $36.9M · 2019–2024
Unitemized GrantFY2024$3,679,710
Unitemized GrantFY2024$1,481,881
Unitemized GrantFY2024$800,146
Unitemized GrantFY2024$284,215
Unitemized GrantFY2024$25,000
Unitemized GrantFY2024$12,875
Unitemized GrantFY2023$4,271,063
Unitemized GrantFY2023$2,458,258
Unitemized GrantFY2023$1,356,784
Unitemized GrantFY2023$676,696
Unitemized GrantFY2023$258,965
Unitemized GrantFY2023$233,941
Unitemized GrantFY2022$4,214,890
Unitemized GrantFY2022$1,650,055
Unitemized GrantFY2022$964,049
Unitemized GrantFY2022$711,491
Unitemized GrantFY2022$686,800
Unitemized GrantFY2022$158,824
See all 35 grants →

Federal money

Single Audit · Federal Audit Clearinghouse · money spent from federal programs
Year ending Sep 2025 · $15.6M federal money spent
Head StartDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.600 · Direct$6.3M
Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery FundsDepartment of the Treasury · ALN 21.027 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$3.9M
Weatherization Assistance for Low-Income PersonsDepartment of Energy · ALN 81.042 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$1.8M
Low-Income Home Energy AssistanceDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.568 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$1.1M
Child and Adult Care Food ProgramDepartment of Agriculture · ALN 10.558 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Education$1.0M

Plus 9 smaller programs.

The auditor reported 19 findings: a material weakness in money controls, questioned costs.

Year ending Sep 2024 · $15.9M federal money spent
Head StartDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.600 · Direct$6.3M
Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery FundsDepartment of the Treasury · ALN 21.027 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$5.7M
Low-Income Home Energy AssistanceDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.568 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$1.1M
Child and Adult Care Food ProgramDepartment of Agriculture · ALN 10.558 · Through State of Vermont Department of Education$841K
Community Services Block GrantDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.569 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$807K

Plus 10 smaller programs.

The auditor reported no findings.

Year ending Sep 2023 · $14.0M federal money spent
Head StartDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.600 · Direct$5.8M
Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery FundsDepartment of the Treasury · ALN 21.027 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$4.0M
Low-Income Home Energy AssistanceDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.568 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$1.6M
Child and Adult Care Food ProgramDepartment of Agriculture · ALN 10.558 · Through State of Vermont Department of Education$914K
Community Services Block GrantDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.569 · Through State of Vermont Agency of Human Services$790K

Plus 10 smaller programs.

The auditor reported no findings.

Year ending Sep 2022 · $11.9M federal money spent
Head StartDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.600 · Direct$6.2M
Low-Income Home Energy AssistanceDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.568 · Through State of VT Agency of Human Services$2.0M
Community Services Block GrantDepartment of Health and Human Services · ALN 93.569 · Through State of VT Agency of Human Services$965K
Child and Adult Care Food ProgramDepartment of Agriculture · ALN 10.558 · Through State of VT Department of Education$899K
Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery FundsDepartment of the Treasury · ALN 21.027 · Through State of VT Agency of Human Services$696K

Plus 11 smaller programs.

The auditor reported no findings.

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$24.7M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$23.7M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$949K
Investment incomeLn 3$116K
Money outPt IX
$23.9M
Ln 25
Programscol B$21.1M
Managementcol C$2.7M
Fundraisingcol D$95K
Owns and owesPt X
$10.4M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$5.6M
Total assetsLn 16$14.7M
LiabilitiesLn 26$4.3M
PeoplePt VI, VII
20
listed · VII A
PaidVII A8
Voting boardVI 1a12
IndependentVI 1b12
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$23.7M
Government grantsLn 1e$20.2M
Noncash giftsLn 1g$247K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$949K
Investment incomeLn 3$116K
Total revenueLn 12$24.7M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
SavingsLn 2$5.6M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$5.6M
Pledges and grants receivableLn 3$2.0M
Accounts receivableLn 4$436K
Inventories for sale or useLn 8$276K
Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesLn 9$451K
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$5.1M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$62K
Other assetsLn 15$817K
Total assetsLn 16$14.7M
LiabilitiesLn 26$4.3M
Net assetsLn 32$10.4M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 5207
VolunteersI 6315
Fiscal year endsHeaderSeptember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3More from this return
Abroad and in kindSch F, M
Noncash gifts receivedSch M Pt I$247K
4Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$5.8M$5.6M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$57K$62K
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$5.0M$5.1M
Total assetsLn 16$14.6M$14.7M
LiabilitiesLn 26$5.0M$4.3M
Net assetsLn 32$9.6M$10.4M
5Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$6.3M$6.3M
Pay of officers and key staff (Part IX, line 5)Ln 5$297K$297K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$9.6M$8.3M$1.2M$50K
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$273K$237K$35K$1K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$2.2M$1.8M$316K$11K
Payroll taxesLn 10$872K$734K$134K$4K
Legal feesLn 11b$50K$50K
Accounting feesLn 11c$81K$81K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$102K$36K$67K
OccupancyLn 16$1.3M$1.2M$129K
TravelLn 17$253K$247K$5K$497
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$19K$17K$2K
InterestLn 20$69K$69K
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$274K$274K
InsuranceLn 23$129K$67K$61K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$2.0M$1.7M$264K$21K
All other expensesLn 24e$117K$83K$28K$7K
Total functional expensesLn 25$23.9M$21.1M$2.7M$95K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest ViewingFiled with the IRS Mar 31, 2026 $24.7M$23.9M$833K$10.4M 990 PDF
FY2024Filed with the IRS Feb 6, 2025 $28.7M$28.2M$492K$9.6M 990 PDF
FY2023Filed with the IRS Feb 1, 2024 $26.5M$25.4M$1.2M$9.1M 990 PDF
FY2022 $20.5M$20.1M$472K$7.8M 990 PDF
FY2021Filed with the IRS Feb 11, 2022 $18.8M$17.7M$1.1M$7.3M 990 PDF
FY2020Filed with the IRS Mar 29, 2021 $16.4M$15.8M$600K$6.2M 990 PDF

Schedules filed Part IV

A · Public support I · Grants M · Noncash O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990
Part I · Summary $24,721,878 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $27,659,959$23,656,581
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $924,004$948,955
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $92,492$116,342
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $0$0
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $28,676,455$24,721,878
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $9,255,707$6,283,827
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $14,035,233$13,202,761
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $4,893,625$4,402,017
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $28,184,565$23,888,605
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $491,890$833,273
Part VI · Governance 12 of 12 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body12
VI-1b Independent voting members12
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $24,721,878 across 7 lines filed
Lines not itemized here account for $41,303 of total revenue; see the IRS return.
VIII-1e Government grants$20,205,227
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$3,451,354
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$246,657
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$23,656,581
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $907,652$907,652
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $116,342$116,342
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $948,955 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $116,342$24,721,878
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $23,888,605 across 17 lines filed
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $6,283,827$6,283,827
IX-5 Pay of officers and key staff (Part IX, line 5)Management $296,788$296,788
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $8,308,323 · Management $1,243,152 · Fundraising $49,953$9,601,428
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $236,847 · Management $34,501 · Fundraising $1,424$272,772
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $1,833,140 · Management $315,619 · Fundraising $10,620$2,159,379
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $733,849 · Management $134,133 · Fundraising $4,412$872,394
IX-11b Legal feesManagement $50,105$50,105
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $80,530$80,530
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $35,587 · Management $66,748$102,335
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $1,185,464 · Management $128,881$1,314,345
IX-17 TravelPrograms $247,113 · Management $5,406 · Fundraising $497$253,016
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $16,947 · Management $2,133$19,080
IX-20 InterestPrograms $68,867$68,867
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $273,521$273,521
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $67,159 · Management $61,429$128,588
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $1,709,112 · Management $264,190 · Fundraising $20,976$1,994,278
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $83,043 · Management $27,569 · Fundraising $6,740$117,352
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $21,082,799 · Management $2,711,184 · Fundraising $94,622$23,888,605
Part X · Balance sheet $14,666,791 assets, 18 lines filed
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $5,825,263$5,560,723
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $1,947,659$1,998,810
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $342,291$435,749
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $404,417$276,067
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $190,826$451,311
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $4,979,476$5,064,670
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $57,005$62,020
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $819,807$817,441
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $14,566,744$14,666,791
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $1,891,086$1,424,688
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $306,653$124,275
X-23 Secured mortgages and notes payableStart of year $2,000,896$1,923,296
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $817,766$810,916
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $5,016,401$4,283,175
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $7,175,491$8,062,493
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $2,374,852$2,321,123
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $9,550,343$10,383,616
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $14,566,744$14,666,791
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $10,383,616 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$24,721,878
XI-2 Total expenses$23,888,605
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$833,273
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$9,550,343
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$0
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$10,383,616

Form 990 e-file FY2025 from the IRS (about our sources) · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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