Our mission is to broaden understanding and build trust between the people of the United States and China through education, philanthropy, and collaboration

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
64¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 33 volunteers and 4 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
4 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $37K a year · 10% of revenue · last 6 filings
Fine: a surplus in 4 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
64%
of spending
Worth a look: 64% of spending went to programs; under 65%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
12 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 12.1 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
1
named funder · $25K
Fine: 1 funder names it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$32K
7% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 7% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
0
of 21 voting members
Concern: none of 21 voting members are independent.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$420K
+12% vs prior year
Spent
$352K
To programs
64%
Net assets
$431K
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$420K
FY2025▲ +12%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$253K
FY2021$261K
FY2022$685K
FY2023$281K
FY2024$375K
FY2025$420K
Expenses
$352K
FY2025▲ +21%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$92K
FY2021$315K
FY2022$388K
FY2023$614K
FY2024$292K
FY2025$352K
Net assets
$431K
FY2025▲ +18%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$366K
FY2021$318K
FY2022$614K
FY2023$281K
FY2024$364K
FY2025$431K

From the FY2025 Form 990 · see the original

Give Claim

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Jul 1994.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

64 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 64% · $225K Management & general 15% · $53K Fundraising 21% · $75K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

21 people listed on the 990.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Chair and President
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Vice Chair
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Secretary
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Susana Liu-Hedberg’s $66K as Executive Director is at the 61st percentile of top reported officer pay among 1637 $100K–1M international nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 1 named individual · Part VII

NameFY2024FY2023FY2022
Susana Liu-Hedberg$66,074$126,197$38,752

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

See The 1990 Institute executive salaries →

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Promotes US-China understanding and trust via education, philanthropy, and collaboration.

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $191K · in their own filed words · FY2025
01

Youth Symposium Roots and Wings

Celebrating asian american youth with the power of community is a transformative gathering designed to uplift, connect, and empower asian american students, parents, and educators. Through dynamic panel discussions, interactive breakout sessions, and cultural showcases, participants will gain fresh perspectives, practical insights, and a…

$99Kprogram expense
02

Teachers Workshops

Programs and website (SITES.GOOGLE.COM/1990INSTITUTE.ORG/1990INSTITUTE4TEACHERS/HOME) to empower teachers with knowledge and equip them with resources they can share with their students. The program builds contextual reference material to make learning fun and resources that can be applied immediately in classrooms.

$60Kprogram expense
03

Newsletter monthly essays with 12 issues produced and over 4,000 subscribers. The newsletters are at WWW.1990INSTITUTE.COM/NEWSLETTERS

$32Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · funders on record
Grants received · FY2025
Total grants receivedfrom 1 funder$25K

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$420K
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$410K
Other incomeLn 4–11$10K
Investment incomeLn 3$46
Money outPt IX
$352K
Ln 25
Programscol B$225K
Managementcol C$53K
Fundraisingcol D$75K
Owns and owesPt X
$431K
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$355K
Total assetsLn 16$463K
LiabilitiesLn 26$32K
PeoplePt VI, VII
21
listed · VII A
PaidVII A0
Voting boardVI 1a21
IndependentVI 1b0
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$410K
Investment incomeLn 3$46
Other incomeLn 4–11$10K
Gains on assetsLn 7$45
Total revenueLn 12$420K
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$50
SavingsLn 2$355K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$355K
Total assetsLn 16$463K
LiabilitiesLn 26$32K
Net assetsLn 32$431K
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 54
VolunteersI 633
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13No
Records policyVI 14No
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$234K$355K
Total assetsLn 16$365K$463K
LiabilitiesLn 26$2K$32K
Net assetsLn 32$364K$431K
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$350$350
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$107K$93K$9K$5K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$23K$20K$2K$1K
Payroll taxesLn 10$9K$8K$702$389
Accounting feesLn 11c$27K$27K
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$60K$60K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$59K$51K$7K$496
Advertising and promotionLn 12$5K$5K$601
Office expensesLn 13$11K$5K$4K$2K
Information technologyLn 14$7K$489$2K$5K
TravelLn 17$14K$14K
InsuranceLn 23$2K$2K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$27K$27K
All other expensesLn 24e$672−$3$674$1
Total functional expensesLn 25$352K$225K$53K$75K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest ViewingFiled with the IRS Apr 11, 2026 $420K$352K$67K$431K 990 PDF
FY2024Filed with the IRS Apr 1, 2025 $375K$292K$83K$364K 990 PDF
FY2023Filed with the IRS Feb 24, 2024 $281K$614K−$334K$281K 990 PDF
FY2022Filed with the IRS Mar 28, 2023 $685K$388K$297K$614K 990 PDF
FY2021Filed with the IRS Jul 11, 2022 $261K$315K−$54K$318K 990 PDF
FY2020Filed with the IRS May 28, 2021 $253K$92K$161K$366K 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $419,679 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $373,427$409,633
I-9 Program service revenue$0
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $350$46
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $900$10,000
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $374,677$419,679
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $25,000$350
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $155,762$138,666
I-16a Professional fundraising fees$60,000
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $111,188$153,428
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $291,950$352,444
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $82,727$67,235
Part VI · Governance 0 of 21 board members independent, 2 to look at
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body21
VI-1b Independent voting members0
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyNo
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyNo
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $419,679 across 7 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$409,633
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$409,633
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $1$1
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax $45$45
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising events$0
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Related to mission $10,000$10,000
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $10,000 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $46$419,679
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $352,444 across 14 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $350$350
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $92,940 · Management $8,695 · Fundraising $4,949$106,584
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $20,466 · Management $1,857 · Fundraising $1,157$23,480
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $7,511 · Management $702 · Fundraising $389$8,602
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $26,623$26,623
IX-11e Professional fundraising feesFundraising $60,000$60,000
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $51,418 · Management $6,775 · Fundraising $496$58,689
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $4,767 · Fundraising $601$5,368
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $5,344 · Management $3,660 · Fundraising $2,137$11,141
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $489 · Management $1,550 · Fundraising $4,972$7,011
IX-17 TravelPrograms $14,437$14,437
IX-23 InsuranceManagement $2,419$2,419
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $27,068$27,068
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms −$3 · Management $674 · Fundraising $1$672
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $224,787 · Management $52,955 · Fundraising $74,702$352,444
Part X · Balance sheet $462,714 assets, 12 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $24$50
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $234,192$355,026
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $125,000$75,000
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $5,586$32,000
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $634$638
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $365,436$462,714
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $1,528$31,571
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $1,528$31,571
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $182,739$323,000
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $181,169$108,143
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $363,908$431,143
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $365,436$462,714
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $431,143 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$419,679
XI-2 Total expenses$352,444
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$67,235
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$363,908
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$0
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$431,143

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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