The Exploratorium is a public learning laboratory exploring the world through science, art, and human perception. Our mission is to create inquiry-based experiences that transform learning worldwide.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
85¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$2.4M paid to officers and key staff.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2020 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
3 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $1.7M a year · 3% of revenue · last 6 filings
Worth a look: a surplus in 3 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
85%
of spending
Looks good: 85% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$2.4M
to officers and key staff · 4% of spending
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 4% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
<1 mo
of spending, in cash
Plus $63.1M in investments, Pt X · Ln 11–13
Fine: 0.4 months of spending in cash, plus $63.1M in investments.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
14
named funders · $3.6M
Looks good: 14 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$55.9M
21% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 21% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
37
of 38 voting members
Looks good: 37 of 38 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$48.6M
Spent
$53.0M
To programs
85%
Net assets
$208.8M
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$48.6M
FY2020
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$48.6M
FY2021$48.0M
FY2022$79.6M
FY2023$61.0M
FY2024$66.6M
FY2025$64.0M
Expenses
$53.0M
FY2020
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$53.0M
FY2021$46.9M
FY2022$59.2M
FY2023$64.8M
FY2024$66.0M
FY2025$67.8M
Net assets
$208.8M
FY2020
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$208.8M
FY2021$226.2M
FY2022$237.7M
FY2023$235.9M
FY2024$243.0M
FY2025$244.7M

From the FY2020 Form 990 (year ending June 2020) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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You’re viewing the FY2020 filing — not the latest on file. See the latest (FY2025) →

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Apr 1969.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

85 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 85% · $44.9M Management & general 10% · $5.1M Fundraising 6% · $3.0M

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

47 people listed on the 990; $2.4M paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2019); the FY2020 filing did not itemize Part VII
Executive Director
$518,635Pt VII · Sec A
Dir of Programs
$266,741Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Operating Officer
$251,332Pt VII · Sec A
Dir of Bus Dev
$224,403Pt VII · Sec A
Dir of Inst Adv
$223,648Pt VII · Sec A
Dir of Ems
$217,858Pt VII · Sec A
Chief of Staff
$211,232Pt VII · Sec A
Dir of Sales & Mktg
$158,780Pt VII · Sec A

Mark Bierman’s $744K as Exec Director is at the 94th percentile of top reported officer pay among 749 $10–100M arts & culture nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Mark Bierman$744,010$583,952$511,137———
Chris Flink——$16,371$352,445—$518,635
Robert Semper$355,605$314,320$302,784$196,504$258,806$266,741
Phoebe White—$344,719$281,012$228,995$220,540$211,232
Laura Zander$328,417$286,820$305,738$231,074$239,358$251,332
Anne Richardson$296,384$215,636$144,334———
Blair Winn$282,663$257,640$246,443$209,571$216,006$223,648
Julie Nunn$246,545$216,235$186,119$162,197$162,291$158,780

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

See The Exploratorium executive salaries →

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Creates hands-on, inquiry-based science and art exhibits and provides professional development to help educators worldwide transform how students learn.

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $44.9M · in their own filed words · FY2019
01

Program, Admissions and Rentals

The exhibit and media studios group designs, develops, builds and maintains the museum's exhibits. More than 1000 exhibits have been created by staff scientists, artists and exhibit developers, with new exhibits always in developmentthe museum experience group creates and produces public programs, such as lectures, demonstrations, and…

$39.5Mprogram expense
02

Global Studios

Creates and disseminates interactive exhibits locally, nationally and internationally to make science and the physical world accessible to the public. This group also develops master plans for museum projects around the world. 80 percent of the world's science centers use exploratorium-designed exhibits, programs or ideas.

$5.0Mprogram expense
03

Store

The exploratorium store -- at pier 15 and online -- offers curiosity-inspiring toys, science kits, tinkering tools, books, jewelry, artwork, puzzles, games, minerals, and more. We offer a wide variety of educational items for both children and adults.

$409Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2024
See all 14 funders →
Grants paid · 1 grant · $18K · 2024–2024
Unitemized GrantFY2024$18,000

By the numbers

The FY2020 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$48.6M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$28.1M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$18.1M
Other incomeLn 4–11$2.0M
Money outPt IX
$53.0M
Ln 25
Programscol B$44.9M
Managementcol C$5.1M
Fundraisingcol D$3.0M
Owns and owesPt X
$208.8M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$1.7M
Total assetsLn 16$264.8M
LiabilitiesLn 26$55.9M
PeoplePt VI, VII
47
listed · VII A
PaidVII A10
Voting boardVI 1a38
IndependentVI 1b37
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$28.1M
Government grantsLn 1e$9.4M
Noncash giftsLn 1g$630K
Fundraising eventsLn 1c$1.0M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$18.1M
Investment incomeLn 3$371K
Other incomeLn 4–11$2.0M
Gains on assetsLn 7−$401K
Total revenueLn 12$48.6M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$1.4M
SavingsLn 2$289K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$1.7M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$63.1M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$177.1M
Total assetsLn 16$264.8M
LiabilitiesLn 26$55.9M
Net assetsLn 32$208.8M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 5724
VolunteersI 6175
Fiscal year endsHeaderJune
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY20End FY20
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$3.3M$1.7M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$61.3M$63.1M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$181.2M$177.1M
Total assetsLn 16$269.8M$264.8M
LiabilitiesLn 26$56.6M$55.9M
Net assetsLn 32$213.3M$208.8M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$5K$5K
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$2.4M$1.1M$1.0M$223K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$24.4M$21.1M$1.5M$1.8M
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$1.1M$901K$90K$98K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$3.5M$3.0M$312K$233K
Payroll taxesLn 10$2.1M$1.7M$171K$188K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$5.8M$5.1M$596K$114K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$1.6M$1.4M$1K$171K
Office expensesLn 13$330K$208K$37K$85K
OccupancyLn 16$3.5M$3.0M$495K$5K
TravelLn 17$693K$646K$22K$25K
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$103K$88K$4K$11K
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$6.4M$6.0M$317K$24K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$1.1M$562K$520K$14K
Total functional expensesLn 25$53.0M$44.9M$5.1M$3.0M

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest $64.0M$67.8M−$3.8M$244.7M 990 PDF
FY2024 $66.6M$66.0M$649K$243.0M 990 PDF
FY2023 $61.0M$64.8M−$3.7M$235.9M 990 PDF
FY2022 $79.6M$59.2M$20.4M$237.7M 990 PDF
FY2021 $48.0M$46.9M$1.1M$226.2M 990 PDF
FY2020 Viewing $48.6M$53.0M−$4.4M$208.8M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support M · Noncash J · Pay O · Explanations
See the full FY2020 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $48,557,720 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $27,035,658$28,114,682
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $20,970,161$18,067,093
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $45,374,432$370,944
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $2,992,092$2,005,001
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $96,372,343$48,557,720
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $15,200$4,900
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $32,155,055$33,493,680
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $21,368,145$19,461,578
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $53,538,400$52,960,158
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $42,833,943−$4,402,438
Part VI · Governance 37 of 38 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body38
VI-1b Independent voting members37
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $48,557,720 across 11 lines filed
Lines not itemized here account for $2,112,333 of total revenue; see the IRS return.
VIII-1c Fundraising events$1,021,609
VIII-1e Government grants$9,437,361
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$17,655,712
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$630,087
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$28,114,682
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $16,634,945$16,634,945
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $771,970$771,970
VIII-6 Net rental income or lossExcluded from tax $1,307,525$1,307,525
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax −$401,026−$401,026
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising eventsExcluded from tax $17,291$17,291
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $18,747,278 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $1,695,760$48,557,720
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $52,960,158 across 14 lines filed
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $4,900$4,900
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $1,127,357 · Management $1,025,075 · Fundraising $223,343$2,375,775
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $21,122,948 · Management $1,465,113 · Fundraising $1,842,266$24,430,327
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $901,240 · Management $89,930 · Fundraising $98,028$1,089,198
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $2,960,355 · Management $311,611 · Fundraising $233,299$3,505,265
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $1,733,403 · Management $171,332 · Fundraising $188,380$2,093,115
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $5,098,909 · Management $595,767 · Fundraising $113,819$5,808,495
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $1,391,363 · Management $1,287 · Fundraising $170,567$1,563,217
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $208,027 · Management $37,434 · Fundraising $85,002$330,463
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $3,008,098 · Management $495,334 · Fundraising $4,644$3,508,076
IX-17 TravelPrograms $645,561 · Management $22,076 · Fundraising $25,400$693,037
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $88,320 · Management $3,924 · Fundraising $10,761$103,005
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $6,018,632 · Management $316,850 · Fundraising $23,791$6,359,273
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $562,208 · Management $519,602 · Fundraising $14,202$1,096,012
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $44,871,321 · Management $5,055,335 · Fundraising $3,033,502$52,960,158
Part X · Balance sheet $264,783,310 assets, 18 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $2,978,187$1,420,067
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $289,338$289,338
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $17,219,805$16,731,623
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $795,022$1,280,690
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $962,688$1,032,428
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $5,020,529$3,844,987
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $181,218,122$177,088,015
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $54,180,622$48,341,038
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $7,150,804$14,755,124
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $269,815,117$264,783,310
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $5,619,517$5,000,616
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $2,149,205$4,345,216
X-20 Tax-exempt bond liabilitiesStart of year $48,214,934$46,591,184
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $56,554,831$55,937,016
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $141,110,001$131,812,981
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $72,150,285$77,033,313
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $213,260,286$208,846,294
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $269,815,117$264,783,310
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $208,846,294 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$48,557,720
XI-2 Total expenses$52,960,158
XI-3 Revenue less expenses−$4,402,438
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$213,260,286
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments−$11,554
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$0
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$208,846,294

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2020 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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