Smithsonian Institution FY2020 filing

Tax-deductible

Washington, DC501(c)(3)Since 1846Arts & CultureEIN 53-0206027Revenue $1.6B in FY2020

On file with the IRSsi.edu1000 Jefferson Dr Sw, 20560-0008 · Washington, DCTax-exempt since Jan 1924Publicly supported charity — 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)

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*increase and diffusion of knowledge* is the mission set forth by james smithson. The Smithsonian endeavors to shape the future by preserving our heritage, discovering new knowledge, and sharing our resources with the world.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
70¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$9.5M paid to officers and key staff.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2020 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2024
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2024, 2 tax years back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
5 of 5
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $295.2M a year · 16% of revenue · last 5 filings
Looks good: a surplus in 5 of the last 5 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 5 filings
Spent on programs
70%
of spending
Fine: 70% of spending went to programs; 65% to 75%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$9.5M
to officers and key staff · 0.7% of spending
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 1% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
Cash reserves
9 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 8.8 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
16
named funders · $4.0M
Looks good: 16 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$1.4B
23% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 23% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
17
of 17 voting members
Looks good: 17 of 17 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$1.6B
Spent
$1.4B
To programs
70%
Net assets
$4.6B
By yearFY2020–FY2024
Revenue
$1.6B
FY2020
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$1.6B
FY2021$1.8B
FY2022$1.9B
FY2023$1.9B
FY2024$2.0B
FY2024$1.9B
Expenses
$1.4B
FY2020
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$1.4B
FY2021$1.4B
FY2022$1.5B
FY2023$1.6B
FY2024$1.7B
FY2024$1.7B
Net assets
$4.6B
FY2020
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$4.6B
FY2021$5.5B
FY2022$5.4B
FY2023$5.7B
FY2024$6.1B
FY2024$6.5B

From the FY2020 Form 990 (year ending September 2020) · see the original

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You’re viewing the FY2020 filing — not the latest on file. See the latest (FY2024) →

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2024. IRS ruling in Jan 1924.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

70 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 70% · $980.3M Management & general 27% · $375.6M Fundraising 3% · $38.2M

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

48 people listed on the 990; $9.5M paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2019); the FY2020 filing did not itemize Part VII
Secretary of the Smithsonian
$857,930Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Investment Officer
$662,776Pt VII · Sec A
Editor in Chief - Smithsonian Magazine
$532,152Pt VII · Sec A
Investment Officer
$479,016Pt VII · Sec A
Provost
$454,242Pt VII · Sec A
President Smithsonian Enterprises
$448,874Pt VII · Sec A
Former Secretary
$439,281Pt VII · Sec A
Director of Sackler Gallery/Freer Gallery
$422,746Pt VII · Sec A

Lonnie G Bunch III’s $960K as Secretary of the Smithsonian is at the 68th percentile of top reported officer pay among 53 $100M+ arts & culture nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2024FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Amy Chen$738,911$1,147,877$1,110,792$778,762$673,679$662,776
Lonnie G Bunch III$960,266—————
Mr Lonnie G Bunch III—$915,469$861,379$738,754$726,156$857,930
Jeffrey Smith$449,717$699,892$680,092$422,679$615,259$479,016
Michael Giovenco—$647,978$625,494—$530,390$404,477
Meroe Park$640,049$613,661$580,769$528,377$448,911—
Ryan Dotson—$573,416$612,491—$472,123—
Carol Leblanc$608,701$530,461$387,874$353,673$501,299$448,874

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2Yes
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Operates world-class museums, research complexes, and national educational programs to preserve heritage and share knowledge globally.

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3 programs · $980.3M · in their own filed words · FY2019
01

Education, Public Programs and Exhibitions (SEE SCHEDULE O) EDUCATION, PUBLIC PROGRAMS AND EXHIBITIONS: The Smithsonian closed its museums in March 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. A few museums re-opened to the public between July and September, with limited visitation numbers.

$480.1Mprogram expense
02

Research and Collections (SEE SCHEDULE O) RESEARCH AND COLLECTIONS: The Smithsonian's collections of nearly 155 million objects (art, artifacts and scientific specimens) are the heart of the institution.

$428.9Mprogram expense
03

Membership (see Schedule O) Membership

The National Associate Program is the Institution's largest and most basic membership program. The program provides members with Smithsonian Magazine, which is published 11 times a year. The print and online publication provides in-depth coverage of history, science, nature, the art and world cultures.

$71.3Mprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2025
See all 16 funders →
Grants paid · 96 grants · $80.4M · 2019–2024
Unitemized GrantFY2024$14,345,407
Florida State UniversityFL · FY2024$100,000
Tuskegee UniversityAL · FY2024$86,200
Texas Southern UniversityFY2024$63,700
Jackson State UniversityMS · FY2024$63,700
Clark Atlanta University INCGA · FY2024$63,700
Montana State UniversityFY2024$30,863
Fisk UniversityTN · FY2024$20,500
Baylor UniversityTX · FY2024$11,975
Chicago Historical SocietyIL · FY2024$5,100
Unitemized GrantFY2023$13,800,101
Tuskegee UniversityAL · FY2023$73,950
Texas Southern UniversityFY2023$63,700
Jackson State UniversityMS · FY2023$63,700
See all 96 grants →

By the numbers

The FY2020 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$1.6B
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.3B
Investment incomeLn 3$138.9M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$70.9M
Money outPt IX
$1.4B
Ln 25
Programscol B$980.3M
Managementcol C$375.6M
Fundraisingcol D$38.2M
Owns and owesPt X
$4.6B
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$1.0B
Total assetsLn 16$6.1B
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.4B
PeoplePt VI, VII
48
listed · VII A
PaidVII A29
Voting boardVI 1a17
IndependentVI 1b17
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.3B
Government grantsLn 1e$1.10B
Noncash giftsLn 1g$19.6M
Fundraising eventsLn 1c$3.9M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$70.9M
Investment incomeLn 3$138.9M
Other incomeLn 4–11$43.2M
Gains on assetsLn 7$126.8M
Total revenueLn 12$1.6B
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$886.7M
SavingsLn 2$132.5M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$1.0B
InvestmentsLn 11–13$2.05B
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$2.74B
Other assetsLn 15$16.0M
Total assetsLn 16$6.1B
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.4B
Net assetsLn 32$4.6B
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 57,334
VolunteersI 6100,729
Fiscal year endsHeaderSeptember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY20End FY20
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$887.8M$1.02B
InvestmentsLn 11–13$1.84B$2.05B
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$2.44B$2.74B
Total assetsLn 16$5.42B$6.05B
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.09B$1.42B
Net assetsLn 32$4.33B$4.64B
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$373K$373K
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$10.8M$10.8M
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$4.8M$4.8M
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$5.2M$1.3M$3.7M$251K
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$3.3M$2.8M$486K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$560.0M$292.3M$246.2M$21.5M
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$82.3M$59.7M$19.8M$2.9M
Other employee benefitsLn 9$51.0M$48.0M$435K$2.5M
Payroll taxesLn 10$38.2M$27.4M$8.9M$1.9M
Legal feesLn 11b$870K$260K$606K$4K
Accounting feesLn 11c$1.0M$1.0M$3K
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$2.4M$2.4M
Investment management feesLn 11f$2.2M$2.2M
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$111.2M$90.8M$18.3M$2.1M
Advertising and promotionLn 12$3.5M$2.5M$515K$393K
Office expensesLn 13$42.7M$28.9M$13.0M$797K
Information technologyLn 14$57.7M$19.2M$37.7M$810K
RoyaltiesLn 15$243K$243K$155
OccupancyLn 16$120.4M$135.2M−$15.9M$1.1M
TravelLn 17$6.4M$4.9M$871K$584K
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$2.8M$2.0M$715K$61K
InterestLn 20$3.1M$3.1M
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$198.4M$140.4M$57.8M$243K
InsuranceLn 23$2.0M$672K$1.3M$43
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$83.1M$104.6M−$22.0M$587K
All other expensesLn 24e$0$0$0$0
Total functional expensesLn 25$1.39B$980.3M$375.6M$38.2M

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2024 $2.0B$1.7B$276.5M$6.1B 990 PDF
FY2023 $1.9B$1.6B$274.7M$5.7B 990 PDF
FY2022 $1.9B$1.5B$368.3M$5.4B 990 PDF
FY2021 $1.8B$1.4B$388.6M$5.5B 990 PDF
FY2020 Viewing $1.6B$1.4B$167.6M$4.6B 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs I · Grants R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons A · Public support F · Foreign M · Noncash
See the full FY2020 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $1,561,599,985 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $1,292,933,360$1,308,610,079
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $102,158,984$70,900,273
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $145,117,341$138,930,823
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $60,914,541$43,158,810
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $1,601,124,226$1,561,599,985
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $19,838,829$15,999,050
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $720,516,048$740,009,927
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $2,163,545$2,351,761
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $675,509,990$635,654,155
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $1,418,028,412$1,394,014,893
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $183,095,814$167,585,092
Part VI · Governance 17 of 17 board members independent, 1 to look at
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body17
VI-1b Independent voting members17
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsYes
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $1,561,599,985 across 16 lines filed
Lines not itemized here account for $16,565,002 of total revenue; see the IRS return.
VIII-1a Federated campaigns$35,403
VIII-1b Membership dues$24,197,323
VIII-1c Fundraising events$3,928,524
VIII-1d Related organizations$396,910
VIII-1e Government grants$1,104,235,438
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$175,816,481
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$19,616,502
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$1,308,610,079
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $60,790,844 · Unrelated business $68,319 · Excluded from tax $9,941,110$70,800,273
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $12,136,585$12,136,585
VIII-5 RoyaltiesExcluded from tax $16,839,860$16,839,860
VIII-6 Net rental income or lossUnrelated business $2,881,304 · Excluded from tax $1,328,596$4,209,900
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsRelated to mission $613,400 · Excluded from tax $126,180,838$126,794,238
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising eventsExcluded from tax −$1,983,062−$1,983,062
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Unrelated business $7,627,110$7,627,110
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $77,636,154 · Unrelated business $10,909,825 · Excluded from tax $164,443,927$1,561,599,985
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $1,394,014,893 across 26 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $373,369$373,369
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $10,796,566$10,796,566
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsPrograms $4,829,115$4,829,115
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $1,270,453 · Management $3,716,485 · Fundraising $251,216$5,238,154
IX-6 Pay of disqualified personsPrograms $2,766,046 · Management $485,510$3,251,556
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $292,312,009 · Management $246,193,708 · Fundraising $21,506,977$560,012,694
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $59,660,045 · Management $19,762,909 · Fundraising $2,918,590$82,341,544
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $47,976,705 · Management $434,713 · Fundraising $2,545,963$50,957,381
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $27,409,515 · Management $8,947,457 · Fundraising $1,851,626$38,208,598
IX-11b Legal feesPrograms $260,442 · Management $606,234 · Fundraising $3,524$870,200
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $1,042,996 · Fundraising $3,214$1,046,210
IX-11e Professional fundraising feesFundraising $2,351,761$2,351,761
IX-11f Investment management feesManagement $2,236,898$2,236,898
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $90,764,350 · Management $18,312,917 · Fundraising $2,140,091$111,217,358
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $2,543,780 · Management $514,904 · Fundraising $393,116$3,451,800
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $28,908,288 · Management $12,959,295 · Fundraising $797,217$42,664,800
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $19,243,389 · Management $37,652,984 · Fundraising $810,006$57,706,379
IX-15 RoyaltiesPrograms $242,753 · Fundraising $155$242,908
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $135,202,843 · Management −$15,947,609 · Fundraising $1,140,680$120,395,914
IX-17 TravelPrograms $4,935,878 · Management $870,540 · Fundraising $583,658$6,390,076
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $1,989,272 · Management $714,600 · Fundraising $61,443$2,765,315
IX-20 InterestPrograms $3,114,275$3,114,275
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $140,397,694 · Management $57,763,191 · Fundraising $242,866$198,403,751
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $671,860 · Management $1,339,312 · Fundraising $43$2,011,215
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $104,595,028 · Management −$22,045,107 · Fundraising $587,135$83,137,056
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $0 · Management $0 · Fundraising $0$0
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $980,263,675 · Management $375,561,937 · Fundraising $38,189,281$1,394,014,893
Part X · Balance sheet $6,053,364,633 assets, 20 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $785,278,263$886,734,458
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $102,505,316$132,486,826
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $167,269,340$174,700,566
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $41,524,908$35,118,164
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $13,049,036$12,284,919
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $8,663,813$7,827,545
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $2,440,904,708$2,740,772,945
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $355,316,881$296,159,722
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $1,488,449,184$1,751,236,768
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $17,843,602$16,042,720
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $5,420,805,051$6,053,364,633
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $338,075,552$295,826,945
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $590,595,329$677,540,432
X-20 Tax-exempt bond liabilitiesStart of year $96,409,381$94,604,197
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $61,442,604$51,668,648
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $1,086,522,866$1,416,385,130
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $2,964,141,988$2,655,815,646
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $1,370,140,197$1,981,163,857
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $4,334,282,185$4,636,979,503
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $5,420,805,051$6,053,364,633
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $4,636,979,503 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$1,561,599,985
XI-2 Total expenses$1,394,014,893
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$167,585,092
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$4,334,282,185
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$132,998,401
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$2,113,825
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$4,636,979,503

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2020 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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