As a research and policy development institute, the organization conducts original research, produces reports and promotes public dialog that addresses important economic and civic problems, and proposes new policies to help resolve those problems.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
89¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$136K paid to officers and key staff.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
3 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average deficit $58K a year · 3% of revenue · last 6 filings
Worth a look: a surplus in 3 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
89%
of spending
Looks good: 89% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$136K
to officers and key staff · 9% of spending
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 9% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
4 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 4.5 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
2
named funders · $198K
Fine: 2 funders name it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$442K
52% of total assets
Fine: liabilities are 52% of assets; 50% to 65%.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
22
of 22 voting members
Looks good: 22 of 22 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$1.4M
-0.7% vs prior year
Spent
$1.5M
To programs
89%
Net assets
$408K
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$1.4M
FY2025▼ -0.7%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$2.0M
FY2021$5.0M
FY2022$2.2M
FY2023$1.1M
FY2024$1.4M
FY2025$1.4M
Expenses
$1.5M
FY2025▲ +5%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$1.7M
FY2021$4.6M
FY2022$2.2M
FY2023$2.0M
FY2024$1.4M
FY2025$1.5M
Net assets
$408K
FY2025▼ -22%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$1.0M
FY2021$1.4M
FY2022$1.4M
FY2023$553K
FY2024$522K
FY2025$408K

From the FY2025 Form 990 (year ending August 2025) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Nov 1998.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

89 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 89% · $1.3M Management & general 11% · $166K Fundraising 0% · $4K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

24 people listed on the 990; $136K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2024); the FY2025 filing did not itemize Part VII
Former Executive Director
$136,134Pt VII · Sec A
Board President
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Vice President
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Treasurer
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Secretary
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Board Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Dr Stephen Herzenberg’s $136K as Former Executive Director is at the 34th percentile of top reported officer pay among 145 $1–10M social science nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 2 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Dr Marc Stier—$30,376$109,017$136,451$112,333$106,458
Dr Stephen Herzenberg$136,134$129,528$123,188$117,776$116,912$115,225

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Researches economic and civic problems, proposing solutions through reports and public discussion.

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Provided by the organization

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1 program · $1.3M · in their own filed words · FY2024
01

The organization operates through the collaborative efforts of Pennsylvania citizens drawn from academia, labor, religious and business organizations. It is dedicated to using research and collaboration to propose workable policy alternatives.

$1.3Mprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2025
Total grants receivedfrom 2 funders$198K
Grants paid · 5 grants · $2.3M · 2020–2024
Children First PAPA · FY2024$176,000
Children First PAPA · FY2023$199,000
Pennsylvania Policy CenterPA · FY2022$70,000
The Voter ProjectPA · FY2020$1,742,850
When We All VoteDC · FY2020$150,000

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$1.4M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.0M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$357K
Other incomeLn 4–11$11K
Money outPt IX
$1.5M
Ln 25
Programscol B$1.3M
Managementcol C$166K
Fundraisingcol D$4K
Owns and owesPt X
$408K
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$564K
Total assetsLn 16$851K
LiabilitiesLn 26$442K
PeoplePt VI, VII
24
listed · VII A
PaidVII A1
Voting boardVI 1a22
IndependentVI 1b22
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.0M
Noncash giftsLn 1g$13K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$357K
Investment incomeLn 3$755
Other incomeLn 4–11$11K
Total revenueLn 12$1.4M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$372K
SavingsLn 2$192K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$564K
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$27K
Total assetsLn 16$851K
LiabilitiesLn 26$442K
Net assetsLn 32$408K
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 511
VolunteersI 60
Fiscal year endsHeaderAugust
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$757K$564K
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$38K$27K
Total assetsLn 16$940K$851K
LiabilitiesLn 26$419K$442K
Net assetsLn 32$522K$408K
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$176K$176K
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$145K$122K$23K$638
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$531K$446K$83K$2K
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$15K$12K$2K$65
Other employee benefitsLn 9$61K$51K$9K$266
Payroll taxesLn 10$51K$43K$8K$226
Accounting feesLn 11c$45K$38K$7K$201
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$345K$336K$9K$3
Advertising and promotionLn 12$18K$15K$3K$81
Office expensesLn 13$16K$13K$2K$70
OccupancyLn 16$19K$16K$3K$81
TravelLn 17$23K$19K$4K$101
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$2K$2K$319$9
InterestLn 20$3K$3K$528$15
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$15K$12K$2K$64
InsuranceLn 23$2K$1K$254$8
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$33K$27K$5K$142
All other expensesLn 24e$4K$0$4K$0
Total functional expensesLn 25$1.5M$1.3M$166K$4K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest Viewing $1.4M$1.5M−$114K$408K 990 PDF
FY2024Filed with the IRS Jul 10, 2025 $1.4M$1.4M−$32K$522K 990 PDF
FY2023Filed with the IRS Jul 12, 2024 $1.1M$2.0M−$842K$553K 990 PDF
FY2022Filed with the IRS Jul 13, 2023 $2.2M$2.2M$13K$1.4M 990 PDF
FY2021Filed with the IRS Jul 15, 2022 $5.0M$4.6M$376K$1.4M 990 PDF
FY2020Filed with the IRS Jul 1, 2022 $2.0M$1.7M$251K$1.0M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $1,389,208 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $1,131,209$1,020,051
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $238,268$357,386
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $174$755
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $29,938$11,016
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $1,399,589$1,389,208
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $199,000$176,000
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $704,699$802,079
I-16a Professional fundraising fees$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $527,432$524,644
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $1,431,131$1,502,723
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year −$31,542−$113,515
Part VI · Governance 22 of 22 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body22
VI-1b Independent voting members22
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $1,389,208 across 7 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$1,020,051
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$13,261
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$1,020,051
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $0$357,386
VIII-3 Investment incomeUnrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $755$755
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Related to mission $11,016 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $0$11,016
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $368,402 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $755$1,389,208
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $1,502,723 across 18 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $176,000$176,000
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $121,643 · Management $22,534 · Fundraising $638$144,815
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $445,784 · Management $82,575 · Fundraising $2,335$530,694
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $12,380 · Management $2,293 · Fundraising $65$14,738
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $50,833 · Management $9,417 · Fundraising $266$60,516
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $43,105 · Management $7,985 · Fundraising $226$51,316
IX-11c Accounting feesPrograms $38,045 · Management $7,047 · Fundraising $201$45,293
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $335,980 · Management $9,370 · Fundraising $3$345,353
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $15,377 · Management $2,848 · Fundraising $81$18,306
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $13,404 · Management $2,484 · Fundraising $70$15,958
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $15,548 · Management $2,880 · Fundraising $81$18,509
IX-17 TravelPrograms $19,375 · Management $3,589 · Fundraising $101$23,065
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $1,725 · Management $319 · Fundraising $9$2,053
IX-20 InterestPrograms $2,849 · Management $528 · Fundraising $15$3,392
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $12,211 · Management $2,262 · Fundraising $64$14,537
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $1,373 · Management $254 · Fundraising $8$1,635
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $27,240 · Management $5,459 · Fundraising $142$32,841
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $0 · Management $3,702 · Fundraising $0$3,702
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $1,332,872 · Management $165,546 · Fundraising $4,305$1,502,723
Part X · Balance sheet $850,771 assets, 16 lines filed
Asset lines not itemized here account for $69; see the IRS return.
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $507,323$371,974
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $249,245$192,493
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $126,197$240,819
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $10,567$0
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $0$0
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $9,383$18,804
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $37,780$26,612
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $940,495$850,771
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $51,074$174,371
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $329,468$242,667
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $38,153$25,448
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $418,695$442,486
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $241,582$319,361
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $280,218$88,924
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $521,800$408,285
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $940,495$850,771
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $408,285 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$1,389,208
XI-2 Total expenses$1,502,723
XI-3 Revenue less expenses−$113,515
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$521,800
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$408,285

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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