Children and Nature Network

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501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
74¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 31 volunteers and 25 employees.
Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
1 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $685K a year · 17% of revenue · last 6 filings
Worth a look: a surplus in 1 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
74%
of spending
Fine: 74% of spending went to programs; 65% to 75%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$681K
to officers and key staff · 17% of spending
Fine: pay to officers and key staff is 17% of spending; 15% to 20%.
Pt VII · Sec A
12 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 12.1 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
18
named funders · $2.4M
Looks good: 18 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$128K
3% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 3% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
16
of 16 voting members
Looks good: 16 of 16 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$2.3M
-37% vs prior year
Spent
$4.1M
To programs
74%
Net assets
$4.3M
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$2.3M
FY2025▼ -37%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$10.4M
FY2021$2.2M
FY2022$1.7M
FY2023$3.2M
FY2024$3.7M
FY2025$2.3M
Expenses
$4.1M
FY2025▼ -12%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$1.5M
FY2021$2.2M
FY2022$3.6M
FY2023$3.4M
FY2024$4.7M
FY2025$4.1M
Net assets
$4.3M
FY2025▼ -29%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$9.2M
FY2021$9.1M
FY2022$7.0M
FY2023$6.9M
FY2024$6.0M
FY2025$4.3M

From the FY2025 Form 990 · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

Give Claim

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Mar 2007.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

74 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 74% · $3.0M Management & general 14% · $554K Fundraising 12% · $499K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

Something off? Claim to add context

Who runs it and what they're paid

18 people listed on the 990; $681K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
$176,100Pt VII · Sec A
Senior VP, Program Research & Policy
$136,666Pt VII · Sec A
Cso External Relations
$134,536Pt VII · Sec A
$130,031Pt VII · Sec A
Director of Green Schoolyards
$103,557Pt VII · Sec A
Governance Chair
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Sarah Milligan Toffler’s $176K as CEO is at the 76th percentile of top reported officer pay among 3394 $1–10M education nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Sarah Milligan-Toffler——$177,874$163,384$160,667$138,415
Sarah Milligan Toffler$176,100$177,262————
Monica Magee$136,666$132,429————
Laura Mylan$134,536$135,930————
Edward H Kegle JR——$131,876$114,591$112,017$77,546
Ed Kegle$130,031$130,907————
Jamie Ehrenberg—$108,711————
Priya Cook$103,557$100,525————

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

See Children and Nature Network executive salaries →

Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Connects children with nature to ensure their well-being and protect the environment.

Questions for Children and Nature Network

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Your first name shows with your question. Children and Nature Network answers here, for everyone.

3 programs · $3.0M · in their own filed words · FY2025
01

Systems changechildren & nature network has provided technical assistance, tools & resources to over 80 communities through nature everywhere, our strategic initiative to advance equitable access to nature everywhere children live, learn and play in 100 communities by 2025.

$1.9Mprogram expense
02

Foster beliefover 65,000 users have visited our online research library which holds 1,400 peer-reviewed studies on the benefits of nature and provides free access to the latest scientific evidence for nature connection.

$703Kprogram expense
03

Grow the movementover 600 leaders, caregivers and nature advocates from 10 countries attended the 2024 nature everywhere conference. C&NN provided scholarships to 30 young leaders and nature advocates to support their participation. Our membership base unites 600 individuals and organizations.

$447Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2024
See all 18 funders →
Grants paid · 43 grants · $1.7M · 2020–2025
The Trust for Public LandCA · FY2025$112,500
Wilderness Louisville INCKY · FY2025$50,000
Unitemized GrantFY2025$15,000
Seattle Parks FoundationWA · FY2025$7,500
Unitemized GrantFY2025$4,450
Kaboom INCMD · FY2024$470,000
The Trust for Public LandCA · FY2024$225,000
City of ProvidenceFY2024$50,000
Allen Neighborhood CenterMI · FY2024$25,000
See all 43 grants →

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$2.3M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.2M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$959K
Investment incomeLn 3$188K
Money outPt IX
$4.1M
Ln 25
Programscol B$3.0M
Managementcol C$554K
Fundraisingcol D$499K
Owns and owesPt X
$4.3M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$4.1M
Total assetsLn 16$4.4M
LiabilitiesLn 26$128K
PeoplePt VI, VII
18
listed · VII A
PaidVII A5
Voting boardVI 1a16
IndependentVI 1b16
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.2M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$959K
Investment incomeLn 3$188K
Other incomeLn 4–11$8K
Gains on assetsLn 7$2K
Total revenueLn 12$2.3M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$1.1M
SavingsLn 2$3.1M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$4.1M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0
Total assetsLn 16$4.4M
LiabilitiesLn 26$128K
Net assetsLn 32$4.3M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 525
VolunteersI 631
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$6.7M$4.1M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0$0
Total assetsLn 16$6.8M$4.4M
LiabilitiesLn 26$794K$128K
Net assetsLn 32$6.0M$4.3M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$380K$380K
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$19K$19K
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$724K$479K$106K$140K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$1.3M$833K$184K$245K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$150K$100K$22K$27K
Payroll taxesLn 10$164K$109K$24K$31K
Legal feesLn 11b$6K$6K
Accounting feesLn 11c$9K$9K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$497K$382K$101K$15K
Office expensesLn 13$76K$47K$13K$16K
Information technologyLn 14$176K$162K$11K$3K
TravelLn 17$167K$116K$39K$12K
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$355K$331K$23K$587
InsuranceLn 23$10K$374$9K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$92K$75K$9K$8K
Total functional expensesLn 25$4.1M$3.0M$554K$499K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest ViewingFiled with the IRS Jun 30, 2026 $2.3M$4.1M−$1.8M$4.3M 990 PDF
FY2024Filed with the IRS Jun 2, 2025 $3.7M$4.7M−$961K$6.0M 990 PDF
FY2023Filed with the IRS Jul 24, 2024 $3.2M$3.4M−$162K$6.9M 990 PDF
FY2022Filed with the IRS Jul 5, 2023 $1.7M$3.6M−$1.9M$7.0M 990 PDF
FY2021Filed with the IRS Nov 14, 2022 $2.2M$2.2M−$5K$9.1M 990 PDF
FY2020Filed with the IRS Nov 15, 2021 $10.4M$1.5M$8.9M$9.2M 990 PDF

Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support J · Pay O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $2,318,870 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $2,572,068$1,164,167
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $925,568$959,000
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $203,186$187,626
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $0$8,077
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $3,700,822$2,318,870
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $968,170$399,450
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $2,160,568$2,299,760
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $1,533,479$1,386,964
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $4,662,217$4,086,174
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year −$961,395−$1,767,304
Part VI · Governance 16 of 16 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body16
VI-1b Independent voting members16
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $2,318,870 across 7 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$1,164,167
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$1,164,167
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $959,000$959,000
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $185,949$185,949
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax $1,677$1,677
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Excluded from tax $8,077$8,077
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $959,000 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $195,703$2,318,870
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $4,086,174 across 15 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $380,000$380,000
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $19,450$19,450
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $478,590 · Management $105,518 · Fundraising $140,237$724,345
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $832,572 · Management $183,563 · Fundraising $245,064$1,261,199
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $100,370 · Management $22,127 · Fundraising $27,356$149,853
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $108,825 · Management $24,075 · Fundraising $31,463$164,363
IX-11b Legal feesManagement $5,615$5,615
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $9,280$9,280
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $381,802 · Management $100,648 · Fundraising $15,000$497,450
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $46,513 · Management $12,972 · Fundraising $16,312$75,797
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $161,502 · Management $11,392 · Fundraising $2,821$175,715
IX-17 TravelPrograms $115,958 · Management $38,510 · Fundraising $12,371$166,839
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $331,358 · Management $22,578 · Fundraising $587$354,523
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $374 · Management $9,292$9,666
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $75,197 · Management $8,873 · Fundraising $8,009$92,079
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $3,032,511 · Management $554,443 · Fundraising $499,220$4,086,174
Part X · Balance sheet $4,414,760 assets, 12 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $1,858,427$1,059,341
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $4,804,290$3,074,605
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $141,998$180,000
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $36,763$100,814
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $0$0
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $6,841,478$4,414,760
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $134,761$127,959
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $794,008$127,959
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $4,697,487$3,372,259
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $1,349,983$914,542
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $6,047,470$4,286,801
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $6,841,478$4,414,760
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $4,286,801 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$2,318,870
XI-2 Total expenses$4,086,174
XI-3 Revenue less expenses−$1,767,304
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$6,047,470
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$6,635
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$0
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$4,286,801

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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