Old Sturbridge village and coggeshall farm, museums and learning resources of new england life, invites each visitor to find meaning, pleasure, relevance and inspiration through the exploration of history.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
63¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 205 volunteers and 293 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
3 of 5
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $1.5M a year · 10% of revenue · last 5 filings
Worth a look: a surplus in 3 of the last 5 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 5 filings
Spent on programs
63%
of spending
Worth a look: 63% of spending went to programs; under 65%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$949K
to officers and key staff · 6% of spending
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 6% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
<1 mo
of spending, in cash
Plus $18.9M in investments, Pt X · Ln 11–13
Fine: 0.6 months of spending in cash, plus $18.9M in investments.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
1
named funder · $10K
Fine: 1 funder names it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$14.9M
46% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 46% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
21
of 21 voting members
Looks good: 21 of 21 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$17.2M
+14% vs prior year
Spent
$16.9M
To programs
63%
Net assets
$17.5M
By yearFY2021–FY2025
Revenue
$17.2M
FY2025▲ +14%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2021$13.1M
FY2022$18.4M
FY2023$14.4M
FY2024$15.1M
FY2025$17.2M
Expenses
$16.9M
FY2025▲ +9%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2021$10.3M
FY2022$12.5M
FY2023$15.2M
FY2024$15.6M
FY2025$16.9M
Net assets
$17.5M
FY2025▲ +5%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2021$10.5M
FY2022$17.7M
FY2023$16.4M
FY2024$16.7M
FY2025$17.5M

From the FY2025 Form 990 (year ending January 2025) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Oct 1992.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

63 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 63% · $10.7M Management & general 24% · $4.1M Fundraising 13% · $2.1M

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

26 people listed on the 990; $949K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2024); the FY2025 filing did not itemize Part VII
CEO/President
$385,996Pt VII · Sec A
VP of Education
$182,522Pt VII · Sec A
SR. Dir, People and Culture (until 8/2025)
$131,073Pt VII · Sec A
VP of Finance (until 3/2025)
$130,219Pt VII · Sec A
Dir, Charter School Strat & Planning
$119,167Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

James E Donahue’s $386K as CEO/President is at the 62nd percentile of top reported officer pay among 749 $10–100M arts & culture nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021
James E Donahue$385,996————
James Donahue—$296,376$298,359$288,323$242,626
Alison Carr$182,522————
Tina Krasnecky$130,219$129,765$141,679$131,606$113,946
Kara McCormick$131,073$100,368———
Brad King——$104,079$123,819$107,802
James Greenthal$119,167————
Ellen Taviano—$102,912$101,847——

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

See Old Sturbridge INC executive salaries →

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Preserves and shares New England history through immersive experiences and educational resources.

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $9.0M · in their own filed words · FY2024
01

Education and Public Programming

Provided programs and activities for learning about america's history with a focus on early new england during 1790-1840. Interpreters portrayed the daily life, work, and celebrations of early new england communities to nearly 200,000 visitors including 50,000 schoolchildren.

$6.0Mprogram expense
02

Research, Curatorial, and Library

Research into the material and written sources of regional history and efforts to collect and preserve the buildings, objects, hand processes, and cultural patterns of early new englanders. Historical collections include over 50,000 artifacts and 40,000 books and manuscripts.

$1.7Mprogram expense
03

Food Service

Provides catering for on-campus events and convenient on-site food service to visitors.

$1.2Mprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · funders on record
Grants received · FY2025
Total grants receivedfrom 1 funder$10K

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$17.2M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$7.2M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$6.3M
Investment incomeLn 3$2.1M
Money outPt IX
$16.9M
Ln 25
Programscol B$10.7M
Managementcol C$4.1M
Fundraisingcol D$2.1M
Owns and owesPt X
$17.5M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$806K
Total assetsLn 16$32.5M
LiabilitiesLn 26$14.9M
PeoplePt VI, VII
26
listed · VII A
PaidVII A5
Voting boardVI 1a21
IndependentVI 1b21
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$7.2M
Government grantsLn 1e$222K
Noncash giftsLn 1g$2.2M
Fundraising eventsLn 1c$120K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$6.3M
Investment incomeLn 3$2.1M
Other incomeLn 4–11$1.7M
Gains on assetsLn 7$1.6M
Total revenueLn 12$17.2M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$806K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$806K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$18.9M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$8.0M
Other assetsLn 15$3.3M
Total assetsLn 16$32.5M
LiabilitiesLn 26$14.9M
Net assetsLn 32$17.5M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 5293
VolunteersI 6205
Fiscal year endsHeaderJanuary
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$756K$806K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$18.1M$18.9M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$6.6M$8.0M
Total assetsLn 16$30.0M$32.5M
LiabilitiesLn 26$12.7M$14.9M
Net assetsLn 32$17.4M$17.5M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$483K$199K$69K$215K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$6.9M$4.9M$1.5M$568K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$832K$545K$216K$72K
Payroll taxesLn 10$607K$394K$156K$57K
Legal feesLn 11b$19K$19K
Accounting feesLn 11c$62K$62K
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$35K$35K
Investment management feesLn 11f$95K$95K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$328K$275$328K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$465K$169K$296K
Office expensesLn 13$1.6M$385K$965K$299K
Information technologyLn 14$66K$60K$3K$3K
OccupancyLn 16$802K$716K$64K$22K
InterestLn 20$402K$402K
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$565K$396K$162K$6K
InsuranceLn 23$363K$334K$15K$15K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$3.2M$2.6M$426K$146K
All other expensesLn 24e$44K$40K$2K$2K
Total functional expensesLn 25$16.9M$10.7M$4.1M$2.1M

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest Viewing $17.2M$16.9M$297K$17.5M 990 PDF
FY2024 $15.1M$15.6M−$520K$16.7M 990 PDF
FY2023 $14.4M$15.2M−$742K$16.4M 990 PDF
FY2022 $18.4M$12.5M$5.9M$17.7M 990 PDF
FY2021 $13.1M$10.3M$2.7M$10.5M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support M · Noncash J · Pay O · Explanations
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $17,205,860 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $4,323,186$7,165,054
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $3,217,508$6,272,550
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $346,398$2,053,346
I-11 Other revenuePrior year $1,099,003$1,714,910
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $8,986,095$17,205,860
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $0$0
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $5,642,469$8,860,356
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$35,156
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $4,182,460$8,013,221
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $9,824,929$16,908,733
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year −$838,834$297,127
Part VI · Governance 21 of 21 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body21
VI-1b Independent voting members21
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $17,205,860 across 13 lines filed
VIII-1c Fundraising events$120,286
VIII-1e Government grants$222,128
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$6,822,640
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$2,181,299
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$7,165,054
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $6,166,744 · Unrelated business $105,806$6,272,550
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $446,848$446,848
VIII-5 RoyaltiesExcluded from tax $1,391$1,391
VIII-6 Net rental income or lossExcluded from tax $858,044$858,044
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsExcluded from tax $1,606,498$1,606,498
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising eventsExcluded from tax −$45,338−$45,338
VIII-11a-d Other revenue, itemized rows (sum of 11a–11d as filed)Related to mission $868,569 · Excluded from tax $32,244$900,813
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $7,035,313 · Unrelated business $105,806 · Excluded from tax $2,899,687$17,205,860
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $16,908,733 across 18 lines filed
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $199,424 · Management $68,724 · Fundraising $215,165$483,313
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $4,851,646 · Management $1,518,265 · Fundraising $567,918$6,937,829
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $544,674 · Management $215,677 · Fundraising $71,635$831,986
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $393,931 · Management $156,267 · Fundraising $57,030$607,228
IX-11b Legal feesFundraising $18,882$18,882
IX-11c Accounting feesFundraising $62,325$62,325
IX-11e Professional fundraising feesFundraising $35,156$35,156
IX-11f Investment management feesManagement $94,790$94,790
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $275 · Fundraising $327,812$328,087
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $169,366 · Fundraising $295,858$465,224
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $384,774 · Management $964,755 · Fundraising $299,117$1,648,646
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $60,336 · Management $2,887 · Fundraising $2,887$66,110
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $716,377 · Management $63,713 · Fundraising $21,543$801,633
IX-20 InterestManagement $402,432$402,432
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $396,443 · Management $161,972 · Fundraising $6,291$564,706
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $333,688 · Management $14,904 · Fundraising $14,904$363,496
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $2,580,941 · Management $425,829 · Fundraising $146,144$3,152,914
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $40,134 · Management $1,921 · Fundraising $1,921$43,976
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $10,672,009 · Management $4,092,136 · Fundraising $2,144,588$16,908,733
Part X · Balance sheet $32,463,852 assets, 17 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $756,166$806,230
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $615,676$342,570
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $203,291$640,583
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $275,439$212,347
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $230,117$294,567
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $6,612,142$7,978,823
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $18,115,785$18,916,568
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $3,216,044$3,272,164
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $30,024,660$32,463,852
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $1,105,453$1,248,798
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $492,756$879,733
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $2,672,880$2,649,599
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $12,660,663$14,938,428
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year −$2,833,448−$3,368,430
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $20,197,445$20,893,854
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $17,363,997$17,525,424
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $30,024,660$32,463,852
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $17,525,424 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$17,205,860
XI-2 Total expenses$16,908,733
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$297,127
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$17,363,997
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments−$220,206
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$84,506
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$17,525,424

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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