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Reflective INC FY2023 filing

Tax-deductible
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San Francisco, CA501(c)(3)Environment EIN 93-2809510Revenue $375K in FY2023Latest return filed Nov 17, 2025

On file with the IRSreflective.orgSan Francisco, CATax-exempt since Apr 2024Publicly supported charity — 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)

Accelerating the pace of solar radiation management research and technology development, such that the world is equipped with the data and tools needed to make informed decisions fast enough to matter.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
42¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$131K paid to officers and key staff.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2023 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2024
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2024, 2 tax years back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
2 of 2
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $1.5M a year · 73% of revenue · last 2 filings
Looks good: a surplus in 2 of the last 2 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 2 filings
Spent on programs
42%
of spending
Concern: 42% of spending went to programs; under 50%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$131K
to officers and key staff · 76% of spending
Concern: pay to officers and key staff is 76% of spending; over 30%.
Pt VII · Sec A
Cash reserves
22 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 21.5 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
6
named funders · $1.7M
Looks good: 6 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$107K
35% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 35% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
2
of 3 voting members
Looks good: 2 of 3 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$375K
Spent
$173K
To programs
42%
Net assets
$202K
By yearFY2023–FY2024
Revenue
$375K
FY2023
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2023$375K
FY2024$3.6M
Expenses
$173K
FY2023
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2023$173K
FY2024$895K
Net assets
$202K
FY2023
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2023$202K
FY2024$3.0M

From the FY2023 Form 990 · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

Give
You’re viewing the FY2023 filing — not the latest on file. See the latest (FY2024) →

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2024. IRS ruling in Apr 2024.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

42 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 42% · $72K Management & general 37% · $65K Fundraising 21% · $36K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

Who runs it and what they're paid

3 people listed on the 990; $131K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
$131,479Pt VII · Sec A
Nan Ransohoff
Chief Financial Officer
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Dakota Gruener’s $331K as President is at the 98th percentile of top reported officer pay among 1851 $1–10M environment nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 1 named individual · Part VII

NameFY2024FY2023
Dakota Gruener$331,483$131,479

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

See Reflective INC executive salaries →

3 open jobs right now. See them →

Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Accelerating research and technology for solar radiation management to inform critical climate decisions.

Questions for Reflective INC

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1 program · $72K · in their own filed words · FY2023
01

The organization was formed to accelerate the science and technology of solar radiation management (SRM) so that it can be available on climate-relevant timescales if it turns out to be safe and necessary. The organization prioritizes these initial ACTIVITIES:1.

$72Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2024
Vanguard Charitable Endowment ProgramFY2024$600K
Windward FundFY2024$437K
Donor Advised Charitable Giving INCFY2024$260K
Crankstart FoundationFY2024$250K
National Philanthropic TrustFY2024$100K
James P Verhalen Family Foundation INCFY2024$40K
Total grants receivedfrom 6 funders$1.7M
See all 6 funders →
Grants paid · 3 grants · $248K · 2024–2024
Cornell UniversityNY · FY2024$125,000
Stanford UniversityFY2024$93,000
U C San Diego FoundationCA · FY2024$30,000

By the numbers

Org confirmed 0 of 8 linesconfirmednot yet

The FY2023 990, line by line.

Download 990
from philanthropy.org
1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$375K
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$375K
Money outPt IX
$173K
Ln 25
Programscol B$72K
Managementcol C$65K
Fundraisingcol D$36K
Owns and owesPt X
$202K
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$309K
Total assetsLn 16$309K
LiabilitiesLn 26$107K
PeoplePt VI, VII
3
listed · VII A
PaidVII A1
Voting boardVI 1a3
IndependentVI 1b2
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$375K
Total revenueLn 12$375K
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$309K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$309K
Total assetsLn 16$309K
LiabilitiesLn 26$107K
Net assetsLn 32$202K
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 54
VolunteersI 60
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13No
Records policyVI 14No
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY23End FY23
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$309K
Total assetsLn 16$0$309K
LiabilitiesLn 26$0$107K
Net assetsLn 32$0$202K
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$131K$61K$37K$33K
Payroll taxesLn 10$11K$5K$3K$3K
Accounting feesLn 11c$6K$6K
Information technologyLn 14$3K$3K
TravelLn 17$3K$3K$12
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$3K$3K$57
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$15K$15K
Total functional expensesLn 25$173K$72K$65K$36K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2024 LatestFiled with the IRS Nov 17, 2025 $3.6M$895K$2.8M$3.0M 990 PDF
FY2023 ViewingFiled with the IRS Oct 25, 2024 $375K$173K$202K$202K 990 PDF

Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons I · Grants A · Public support O · Explanations
See the full FY2023 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $375,000 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grants$375,000
I-9 Program service revenue$0
I-10 Investment income$0
I-11 Other revenue$0
I-12 Total revenue$375,000
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paid$0
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefits$142,310
I-16a Professional fundraising fees$0
I-17 Other expenses$30,364
I-18 Total expenses$172,674
I-19 Revenue less expenses$202,326
Part VI · Governance 2 of 3 board members independent, 2 to look at
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body3
VI-1b Independent voting members2
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyNo
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyNo
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $375,000 across 3 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$375,000
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$375,000
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $0 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $0$375,000
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $172,674 across 7 lines filed
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $61,313 · Management $37,296 · Fundraising $32,870$131,479
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $5,051 · Management $3,072 · Fundraising $2,708$10,831
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $6,000$6,000
IX-14 Information technologyManagement $3,344$3,344
IX-17 TravelPrograms $2,746 · Fundraising $12$2,758
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $3,322 · Fundraising $57$3,379
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Management $14,883$14,883
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $72,432 · Management $64,595 · Fundraising $35,647$172,674
Part X · Balance sheet $309,476 assets, 7 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearing$309,476
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $0$309,476
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expenses$107,150
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $0$107,150
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictions$202,326
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $0$202,326
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $0$309,476
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $202,326 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$375,000
XI-2 Total expenses$172,674
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$202,326
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$0
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$202,326

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2023 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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