F Minus opens a new front in the climate fight: a call for divestment from fossil fuel lobbyists. Launched in 2023, F Minus is using its revolutionary database of state-level lobbyists for upstream and midstream oil, gas, and coal interests to demonstrate the extent to which these lobbyists are also representing people, schools, communities, and businesses being harmed by the climate crisis.

Form 990 Part I, line 1, FY2024. The organization’s own words, as filed with the IRS. Find it at the IRS (EIN 88-4392126) · Dispute this line
501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
85¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
$112K paid to officers and key staff.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · Pay: Part VII

Before you give

FY2024 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
The IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2024
latest Form 990
The latest return is for FY2024, 2 tax years back.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Spent on programs
85%
of spending
85% of spending went to programs.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$112K
to officers and key staff · 34% of spending
Pay to officers and key staff is 34% of spending.
Part VII, Section A
6.6 mo
of spending, in cash
6.6 months of spending in cash.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
1
named funder · $70K
1 funder names it on their filings.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$3K
2% of total assets
Liabilities are 2% of assets.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
0
of 7 voting members
None of 7 voting members are independent.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Revenue
$515K
Spent
$334K
To programs
85%
Net assets
$181K

From the FY2024 Form 990 · see the original

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2024. IRS ruling in Sep 2023.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

85 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 85% · $284K Management & general 13% · $43K Fundraising 2% · $7K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

Something off? Claim to add context

Who runs it and what they're paid

7 people listed on the 990; $112K paid to officers and key staff (Part VII, Section A).

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
Executive Director
$112,000Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

James Browning’s $112K as Executive Director is at the 87th percentile of top reported officer pay among 1989 $100K–1M environment nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

See F Minus executive salaries →

Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Exposes fossil fuel lobbyists' conflicts of interest to advance climate action.

Questions for F Minus

Tap to ask. F Minus sees how many people are interested.

Your first name shows with your question. F Minus answers here, for everyone.

1 program · $284K · in their own filed words · FY2024
01

F Minus is a lobbying accountability group that promotes transparency in lobbying and seeks to expose instances of lobbying conflicts of interest. F Minus created the first-ever database of all US state-level fossil fuel lobbyists and is using it to expose the extent to which fossil fuel lobbyists are playing both sides of the climate…

Form 990 Part III, line 4, FY2024. The organization’s own words, as filed with the IRS. Find it at the IRS (EIN 88-4392126) · Dispute this line
$284Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · funders on record
Grants received · FY2024
Total grants receivedfrom 1 funder$70K

By the numbers

The FY2024 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$515K
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$510K
Investment incomeLn 3$5K
Money outPt IX
$334K
Ln 25
Programscol B$284K
Managementcol C$43K
Fundraisingcol D$7K
Owns and owesPt X
$181K
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$184K
Total assetsLn 16$184K
LiabilitiesLn 26$3K
PeoplePt VI, VII
7
listed · VII A
PaidVII A1
Voting boardVI 1a7
IndependentVI 1b0
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$510K
Investment incomeLn 3$5K
Gains on assetsLn 7$0
Total revenueLn 12$515K
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$184K
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$184K
Total assetsLn 16$184K
LiabilitiesLn 26$3K
Net assetsLn 32$181K
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 50
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13No
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY24End FY24
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$184K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$0
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0
Total assetsLn 16$0$184K
LiabilitiesLn 26$0$3K
Net assetsLn 32$0$181K
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$0
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$0
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$0
Benefits paid to or for membersLn 4$0
Pay of officers and key staff (Part IX, line 5)Ln 5$112K$95K$15K$2K
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$0
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$7K$6K$925$142
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$0
Other employee benefitsLn 9$4K$3K$459$71
Payroll taxesLn 10$9K$8K$1K$183
Management feesLn 11a$0
Legal feesLn 11b$0
Accounting feesLn 11c$0
Lobbying feesLn 11d$0
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$0
Investment management feesLn 11f$0
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$0
Advertising and promotionLn 12$9K$7K$1K$171
Office expensesLn 13$14K$12K$2K$273
Information technologyLn 14$13K$11K$2K$266
RoyaltiesLn 15$0
OccupancyLn 16$155$132$20$3
TravelLn 17$14K$12K$2K$287
Travel and entertainment for public officialsLn 18$0
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$400$340$52$8
InterestLn 20$0
Payments to affiliatesLn 21$0
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$0
InsuranceLn 23$2K$2K$318$49
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$148K$126K$19K$3K
All other expensesLn 24e$1K$1K$168$26
Total functional expensesLn 25$334K$284K$43K$7K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2024 Latest ViewingFiled with the IRS May 14, 2025 $515K$334K$181K$181K 990 PDF

Schedules filed Part IV

A · Public support I · Grants O · Explanations
See the full FY2024 990
Part I · Summary $514,917 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grants$509,957
I-9 Program service revenue$0
I-10 Investment income$4,960
I-11 Other revenue$0
I-12 Total revenue$514,917
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paid$0
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefits$131,774
I-16a Professional fundraising fees$0
I-17 Other expenses$202,391
I-18 Total expenses$334,165
I-19 Revenue less expenses$180,752
Part VI · Governance 0 of 7 board members independent, 1 to look at
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body7
VI-1b Independent voting members0
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyNo
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $514,917 across 8 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$509,957
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$509,957
VIII-3 Investment incomeRelated to mission $4,960$4,960
VIII-5 Royalties$0
VIII-6 Net rental income or loss$0
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assets$0
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising events$0
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $4,960$514,917
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $334,165 across 31 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizations$0
IX-2 Grants to domestic individuals$0
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipients$0
IX-4 Benefits paid to or for members$0
IX-5 Pay of officers and key staff (Part IX, line 5)Programs $95,200 · Management $14,560 · Fundraising $2,240$112,000
IX-6 Pay of disqualified persons$0
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $6,047 · Management $925 · Fundraising $142$7,114
IX-8 Pension plan contributions$0
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $3,002 · Management $459 · Fundraising $71$3,532
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $7,759 · Management $1,186 · Fundraising $183$9,128
IX-11a Management fees$0
IX-11b Legal fees$0
IX-11c Accounting fees$0
IX-11d Lobbying fees$0
IX-11f Investment management fees$0
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $7,265 · Management $1,111 · Fundraising $171$8,547
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $11,614 · Management $1,777 · Fundraising $273$13,664
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $11,301 · Management $1,728 · Fundraising $266$13,295
IX-15 Royalties$0
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $132 · Management $20 · Fundraising $3$155
IX-17 TravelPrograms $12,193 · Management $1,865 · Fundraising $287$14,345
IX-18 Travel and entertainment for public officials$0
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $340 · Management $52 · Fundraising $8$400
IX-20 Interest$0
IX-21 Payments to affiliates$0
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortization$0
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $2,079 · Management $318 · Fundraising $49$2,446
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $126,010 · Management $19,272 · Fundraising $2,965$148,247
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $1,098 · Management $168 · Fundraising $26$1,292
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $284,040 · Management $43,441 · Fundraising $6,684$334,165
Part X · Balance sheet $184,225 assets, 22 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearing$184,225
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investments$0
X-3 Pledges and grants receivable$0
X-4 Accounts receivable$0
X-5 Loans to officers and key people$0
X-6 Loans to other insiders$0
X-7 Notes and loans receivable$0
X-8 Inventories for sale or use$0
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred charges$0
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, net$0
X-11 Publicly traded securities$0
X-12 Other securities$0
X-13 Program-related investments$0
X-14 Intangible assets$0
X-15 Other assets$0
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $0$184,225
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expenses$3,472
X-25 Other liabilities$1
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $0$3,473
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictions$180,752
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $0$180,752
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $0$184,225
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $180,752 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$514,917
XI-2 Total expenses$334,165
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$180,752
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$180,752

Form 990 e-file FY2024 from the IRS (about our sources) · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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