The Greenwich Library

Tax-deductible

Greenwich, CT501(c)(3)Since 1877EducationEIN 06-6002281Revenue $3.6M in FY2025

On file with the IRSgreenwichlibrary.org101 W Putnam Ave, 06830-5328 · Greenwich, CTTax-exempt since Dec 1943Publicly supported charity — 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)

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To provide exceptional resources, programs, and services that promote the joy of lifelong learning and discovery, and to offer a welcoming place for people to gather and share experiences.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
88¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 225 volunteers and 4 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
4 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $1.0M a year · 19% of revenue · last 6 filings
Fine: a surplus in 4 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
88%
of spending
Looks good: 88% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$288K
to officers and key staff · 6% of spending
Top officer’s pay higher than 76% of similar orgs
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 6% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
Cash reserves
8 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 7.5 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
2
named funders · $4K
Fine: 2 funders name it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$285K
0.3% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 0% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
21
of 21 voting members
Looks good: 21 of 21 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$3.6M
-61% vs prior year
Spent
$5.2M
To programs
88%
Net assets
$87.2M
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$3.6M
FY2025▼ -61%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$4.0M
FY2021$8.0M
FY2022$5.2M
FY2023$2.4M
FY2024$9.4M
FY2025$3.6M
Expenses
$5.2M
FY2025▲ +4%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$3.4M
FY2021$3.9M
FY2022$4.6M
FY2023$4.4M
FY2024$5.0M
FY2025$5.2M
Net assets
$87.2M
FY2025-0.2%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$76.4M
FY2021$86.7M
FY2022$78.5M
FY2023$79.5M
FY2024$87.4M
FY2025$87.2M

From the FY2025 Form 990 (year ending June 2025) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Dec 1943.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

88 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 88% · $4.6M Management & general 8% · $414K Fundraising 4% · $227K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

23 people listed on the 990; $288K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2024); the FY2025 filing did not itemize Part VII
Director of Dev.
$175,167Pt VII · Sec A
Accounting Manager
$113,087Pt VII · Sec A
Trustee
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Second Vice President
$0Pt VII · Sec A
First Vice President
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Lisa Mandel’s $175K as Director of Dev. is at the 76th percentile of top reported officer pay among 3394 $1–10M education nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 3 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Lisa Mandel$175,167$160,438$158,069$150,577$86,442—
Nancy Klein—————$133,714
Peggy Pei$113,087$107,732$104,914$99,942$95,224$94,926

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Offers books and media for learning, research, and enjoyment.

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Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $4.6M · in their own filed words · FY2024
01

Private Funding

Private funding supports staff training, programming, some materials, supplies, as well as capital projects outside the scope of publicly funded capital maintenance projects.

$2.2Mprogram expense
02

Peterson Funded Operations

The clementine lockwood peterson foundation is a separate entity operated by independent trustees, funds the maintenance and operations of the peterson wing of the main library through an agreement between the library and the town of greenwich. This wing offers services and materials focused on business, music, and the arts.

$1.8Mprogram expense
03

Friends Organizations

There are three friends organizations - the "friends of greenwich library," the "friends of byram shubert library, and the "friends of cos cob library." these organizations provide funding and activities for their respective locations including the oral history project, the flinn gallery, book clubs, and community events.

$580Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · funders on record
Grants received · FY2025
Total grants receivedfrom 2 funders$4K

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$3.6M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$2.8M
Investment incomeLn 3$827K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$34K
Money outPt IX
$5.2M
Ln 25
Programscol B$4.6M
Managementcol C$414K
Fundraisingcol D$227K
Owns and owesPt X
$87.2M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$3.3M
Total assetsLn 16$87.5M
LiabilitiesLn 26$285K
PeoplePt VI, VII
23
listed · VII A
PaidVII A2
Voting boardVI 1a21
IndependentVI 1b21
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$2.8M
Government grantsLn 1e$285K
Noncash giftsLn 1g$261K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$34K
Investment incomeLn 3$827K
Gains on assetsLn 7$209K
Total revenueLn 12$3.6M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$442K
SavingsLn 2$2.8M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$3.3M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$18.8M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$29.4M
Other assetsLn 15$33.4M
Total assetsLn 16$87.5M
LiabilitiesLn 26$285K
Net assetsLn 32$87.2M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 54
VolunteersI 6225
Fiscal year endsHeaderJune
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$1.6M$3.3M
InvestmentsLn 11–13$19.0M$18.8M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$29.2M$29.4M
Total assetsLn 16$87.4M$87.5M
LiabilitiesLn 26$41K$285K
Net assetsLn 32$87.4M$87.2M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$362K$213K$60K$89K
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$687K$436K$192K$59K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$317K$240K$51K$26K
Payroll taxesLn 10$31K$24K$5K$3K
Legal feesLn 11b$2K$2K
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$284K$205K$79K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$104K$95K$9K
Office expensesLn 13$62K$14K$9K$39K
OccupancyLn 16$94K$94K
TravelLn 17$99K$92K$8K
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$2.1M$2.1M
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$1.1M$1.1M$5K$2K
All other expensesLn 24e$5K$2K$3K
Total functional expensesLn 25$5.2M$4.6M$414K$227K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest Viewing $3.6M$5.2M−$1.6M$87.2M 990 PDF
FY2024 $9.4M$5.0M$4.3M$87.4M 990 PDF
FY2023 $2.4M$4.4M−$2.0M$79.5M 990 PDF
FY2022 $5.2M$4.6M$610K$78.5M 990 PDF
FY2021 $8.0M$3.9M$4.1M$86.7M 990 PDF
FY2020 $4.0M$3.4M$587K$76.4M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs I · Grants R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons A · Public support F · Foreign M · Noncash
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $3,646,635 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $8,831,838$2,785,482
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $43,396$34,017
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $511,749$827,136
I-11 Other revenuePrior year −$24,437$0
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $9,362,546$3,646,635
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $0$0
I-14 Benefits paid to membersPrior year $0$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $1,247,811$1,397,268
I-16a Professional fundraising feesPrior year $0$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $3,769,733$3,843,031
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $5,017,544$5,240,299
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year $4,345,002−$1,593,664
Part VI · Governance 21 of 21 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body21
VI-1b Independent voting members21
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $3,646,635 across 8 lines filed
VIII-1e Government grants$284,600
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$2,500,882
VIII-1g Noncash contributions (included above)$260,884
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$2,785,482
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $34,017$34,017
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $618,410$618,410
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assetsRelated to mission −$86,790 · Excluded from tax $295,516$208,726
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission −$52,773 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $913,926$3,646,635
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $5,240,299 across 13 lines filed
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $212,878 · Management $59,598 · Fundraising $89,395$361,871
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $435,546 · Management $192,497 · Fundraising $58,906$686,949
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $239,717 · Management $51,160 · Fundraising $26,232$317,109
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $23,850 · Management $4,753 · Fundraising $2,736$31,339
IX-11b Legal feesManagement $1,569$1,569
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $205,102 · Management $78,688$283,790
IX-12 Advertising and promotionPrograms $94,696 · Fundraising $9,330$104,026
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $13,616 · Management $9,306 · Fundraising $38,922$61,844
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $93,898$93,898
IX-17 TravelPrograms $91,733 · Management $7,585$99,318
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $2,115,749$2,115,749
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $1,070,793 · Management $5,474 · Fundraising $1,813$1,078,080
IX-24e All other expensesPrograms $1,863 · Management $2,894$4,757
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $4,599,441 · Management $413,524 · Fundraising $227,334$5,240,299
Part X · Balance sheet $87,521,757 assets, 15 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $308,254$442,482
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $1,263,582$2,829,842
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $4,824,188$2,510,000
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $18,508$101,559
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $29,227,183$29,406,374
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $18,981,285$18,789,522
X-14 Intangible assets$20,671
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $32,824,085$33,421,307
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $87,447,085$87,521,757
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $41,319$285,455
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $41,319$285,455
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $46,409,088$45,164,616
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $40,996,678$42,071,686
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $87,405,766$87,236,302
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $87,447,085$87,521,757
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $87,236,302 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$3,646,635
XI-2 Total expenses$5,240,299
XI-3 Revenue less expenses−$1,593,664
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$87,405,766
XI-5 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments$759,661
XI-9 Other changes in net assets$664,539
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$87,236,302

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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