Clean Energy Group INC

Tax-deductible

Montpelier, VT501(c)(3)EnvironmentEIN 03-0359346Revenue $2.2M in FY2025

On file with the IRScleanegroup.org50 State St Ste 1, 05602-2957 · Montpelier, VTTax-exempt since Feb 1999Publicly supported charity — 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)

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Clean energy research and advocacy. Clean Energy Group promotes effective clean energy policies, develops low carbon technology innovation strategies and promotes new financial tools to strengthen the economy and stabilize climate change.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
78¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 6 volunteers and 16 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
2 of 5
filings with a surplus
Average deficit $18K a year · 1% of revenue · last 5 filings
Concern: a surplus in 2 of the last 5 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 5 filings
Spent on programs
78%
of spending
Looks good: 78% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$789K
to officers and key staff · 35% of spending
Top officer’s pay higher than 82% of similar orgs
Concern: pay to officers and key staff is 35% of spending; over 30%.
Pt VII · Sec A
Cash reserves
13 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 12.9 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
3
named funders · $492K
Looks good: 3 funders name it on their filings; 3 or more.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$713K
27% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 27% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
5
of 6 voting members
Looks good: 5 of 6 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$2.2M
+27% vs prior year
Spent
$2.2M
To programs
78%
Net assets
$2.0M
By yearFY2021–FY2025
Revenue
$2.2M
FY2025▲ +27%
Tap a bar for its year
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2021$1.4M
FY2022$1.3M
FY2023$1.9M
FY2024$1.8M
FY2025$2.2M
Expenses
$2.2M
FY2025▲ +22%
Tap a bar for its year
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2021$1.7M
FY2022$1.4M
FY2023$1.5M
FY2024$1.8M
FY2025$2.2M
Net assets
$2.0M
FY2025+0.3%
Tap a bar for its year
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2021$1.8M
FY2022$1.7M
FY2023$2.0M
FY2024$2.0M
FY2025$2.0M

From the FY2025 Form 990 (year ending June 2025) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Feb 1999.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

78 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 78% · $1.7M Management & general 21% · $472K Fundraising 1% · $29K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

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Who runs it and what they're paid

10 people listed on the 990; $789K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2024); the FY2025 filing did not itemize Part VII
Cesa Executive Director
$192,285Pt VII · Sec A
Treasurer CFO
$184,579Pt VII · Sec A
$181,252Pt VII · Sec A
Senior Project Director
$125,458Pt VII · Sec A
$105,599Pt VII · Sec A
Director
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Warren Leon’s $192K as Cesa Executive Director is at the 82nd percentile of top reported officer pay among 1851 $1–10M environment nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 8 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021
Lewis Milford Left During Fy22———$247,154—
Lewis Milford————$230,575
Warren Leon$192,285$193,721$194,623$190,036$185,183
Anthony Vargo$184,579$177,233$169,230$162,708$158,005
Seth Mullendore$181,252$176,783$164,423$109,433$107,491
Robert Sanders————$148,031
Todd Olinsky-Paul$125,458$118,028$112,879$106,863$107,718
Maria Blais Costello$105,599$98,711$99,119$99,237—

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Promotes clean energy policies, develops low-carbon technology, and creates financial tools for economic and climate stability.

Provided by the organization

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3 programs · $1.7M · in their own filed words · FY2024
01

Policy

This program includes projects to educate the public and policy experts to move beyond pricing measures such as cap and trade to develop long term, complementary climate stabilization policies that encourage massive technology innovation and deployment to drive the development of new clean energy technologies and markets.

$930Kprogram expense
02

Technology

This programs includes projects to achieve climate stabilization by exploring how to incorporate technology innovation into new strategies, whose aim is to advance clean energy technologies and to stabilize greenhouse emissions.

$444Kprogram expense
03

Finance

This program includes projects that identify new sources of capital, align the interests of the private and public sectors, and develop government and private sector interventions to overcome existing financing gaps to get zero carbon technology investment to scale.

$352Kprogram expense

Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2024
Total grants receivedfrom 3 funders$492K
See all 3 funders →
Grants paid · 23 grants · $547K · 2020–2024
Sust Aina Ble MolokaiHI · FY2024$20,000
Green Building UnitedPA · FY2024$20,000
Clean Energy ActionCO · FY2024$20,000
Krewe of Red BeansLA · FY2024$10,000
United Puerto Rican OrganizationNY · FY2023$20,000
The Power CDCNY · FY2023$20,000
Uprose INCNY · FY2021$30,000
See all 23 grants →

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$2.2M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.2M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$957K
Investment incomeLn 3$42K
Money outPt IX
$2.2M
Ln 25
Programscol B$1.7M
Managementcol C$472K
Fundraisingcol D$29K
Owns and owesPt X
$2.0M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$2.4M
Total assetsLn 16$2.7M
LiabilitiesLn 26$713K
PeoplePt VI, VII
10
listed · VII A
PaidVII A5
Voting boardVI 1a6
IndependentVI 1b5
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$1.2M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$957K
Investment incomeLn 3$42K
Total revenueLn 12$2.2M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$100K
SavingsLn 2$2.3M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$2.4M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$17K
Other assetsLn 15$141K
Total assetsLn 16$2.7M
LiabilitiesLn 26$713K
Net assetsLn 32$2.0M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 516
VolunteersI 66
Fiscal year endsHeaderJune
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$2.1M$2.4M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$22K$17K
Total assetsLn 16$2.7M$2.7M
LiabilitiesLn 26$775K$713K
Net assetsLn 32$2.0M$2.0M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$140K$140K
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$0
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$0
Benefits paid to or for membersLn 4$0
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$310K$185K$116K$9K
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$0
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$469K$339K$125K$6K
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$107K$72K$33K$2K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$341K$230K$105K$6K
Payroll taxesLn 10$72K$49K$22K$1K
Management feesLn 11a$0
Legal feesLn 11b$0
Accounting feesLn 11c$0
Lobbying feesLn 11d$0
Investment management feesLn 11f$0
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$661K$633K$26K$2K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$0
Office expensesLn 13$37K$25K$11K$1K
Information technologyLn 14$0
RoyaltiesLn 15$0
OccupancyLn 16$18K$12K$6K$266
TravelLn 17$17K$13K$4K$77
Travel and entertainment for public officialsLn 18$0
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$29K$22K$6K$134
InterestLn 20$0
Payments to affiliatesLn 21$0
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$5K$5K$625$74
InsuranceLn 23$7K$7K$101
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$12K$789$10K$869
All other expensesLn 24e$0
Total functional expensesLn 25$2.2M$1.7M$472K$29K

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest Viewing $2.2M$2.2M$7K$2.0M 990 PDF
FY2024 $1.8M$1.8M−$60K$2.0M 990 PDF
FY2023 $1.9M$1.5M$327K$2.0M 990 PDF
FY2022 $1.3M$1.4M−$55K$1.7M 990 PDF
FY2021 $1.4M$1.7M−$310K$1.8M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs I · Grants R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons A · Public support F · Foreign M · Noncash
See the full FY2025 990 (6 parts)
Part I · Summary $2,233,360 revenue, 12 lines filed
I-8 Contributions and grantsPrior year $1,041,677$1,234,764
I-9 Program service revenuePrior year $698,385$957,045
I-10 Investment incomePrior year $18,082$41,551
I-11 Other revenue$0
I-12 Total revenuePrior year $1,758,144$2,233,360
I-13 Grants and similar amounts paidPrior year $130,000$140,000
I-14 Benefits paid to members$0
I-15 Salaries and benefitsPrior year $1,083,557$1,300,418
I-16a Professional fundraising fees$0
I-17 Other expensesPrior year $604,177$786,118
I-18 Total expensesPrior year $1,817,734$2,226,536
I-19 Revenue less expensesPrior year −$59,590$6,824
Part VI · Governance 5 of 6 board members independent, no flags
VI-1a Voting members of the governing body6
VI-1b Independent voting members5
VI-2 Family or business relationship among officers or directorsNo
VI-12a Written conflict of interest policyYes
VI-13 Written whistleblower policyYes
VI-14 Document retention and destruction policyYes
VI-15a Process for setting top official's payYes
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $2,233,360 across 5 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$1,234,764
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$1,234,764
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $957,045$957,045
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $41,551$41,551
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $957,045 · Excluded from tax $41,551$2,233,360
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $2,226,536 across 30 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizationsPrograms $140,000$140,000
IX-2 Grants to domestic individuals$0
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipients$0
IX-4 Benefits paid to or for members$0
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $185,471 · Management $115,678 · Fundraising $8,898$310,047
IX-6 Pay of disqualified persons$0
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $338,826 · Management $124,829 · Fundraising $5,627$469,282
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $72,244 · Management $33,122 · Fundraising $1,960$107,326
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $229,784 · Management $105,381 · Fundraising $6,307$341,472
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $48,693 · Management $22,309 · Fundraising $1,289$72,291
IX-11a Management fees$0
IX-11b Legal fees$0
IX-11c Accounting fees$0
IX-11d Lobbying fees$0
IX-11f Investment management fees$0
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $633,323 · Management $25,728 · Fundraising $2,142$661,193
IX-12 Advertising and promotion$0
IX-13 Office expensesPrograms $24,554 · Management $11,491 · Fundraising $1,104$37,149
IX-14 Information technology$0
IX-15 Royalties$0
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $12,064 · Management $5,504 · Fundraising $266$17,834
IX-17 TravelPrograms $13,478 · Management $3,618 · Fundraising $77$17,173
IX-18 Travel and entertainment for public officials$0
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $22,170 · Management $6,287 · Fundraising $134$28,591
IX-20 Interest$0
IX-21 Payments to affiliates$0
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $4,678 · Management $625 · Fundraising $74$5,377
IX-23 InsuranceManagement $6,903 · Fundraising $101$7,004
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $789 · Management $10,139 · Fundraising $869$11,797
IX-24e All other expenses$0
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $1,726,074 · Management $471,614 · Fundraising $28,848$2,226,536
Part X · Balance sheet $2,685,348 assets, 15 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $164,792$100,000
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $1,937,868$2,297,029
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $31,015$3,832
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $84,477$70,863
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $48,924$55,870
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $22,060$16,953
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $451,961$140,801
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $2,741,097$2,685,348
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $314,424$289,584
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $460,771$423,038
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $775,195$712,622
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $1,322,949$1,304,766
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $642,953$667,960
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $1,965,902$1,972,726
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $2,741,097$2,685,348
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $1,972,726 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$2,233,360
XI-2 Total expenses$2,226,536
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$6,824
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$1,965,902
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$1,972,726

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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