Buffalo Valley INC

Tax-deductible

Hohenwald, TN501(c)(3)Since 1979Mental HealthEIN 58-1374964

Provide alcohol and substance abuse treatment, transitional and permanent housing, economic and community development and other supportive services for low income, homeless, and other residents of rural Tennessee.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
89¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 9 volunteers and 402 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2025 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2025
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2025, 1 tax year back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
4 of 6
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $1.8M a year · 9% of revenue · last 6 filings
Fine: a surplus in 4 of the last 6 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 6 filings
Spent on programs
89%
of spending
Looks good: 89% of spending went to programs; 75% or more.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$431K
to officers and key staff · 2% of spending
Top officer’s pay lower than 82% of similar orgs
Looks good: pay to officers and key staff is 2% of spending; 15% or less.
Pt VII · Sec A
Cash reserves
4 mo
of spending, in cash
Looks good: 4.1 months of spending in cash; 3 or more.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
1
named funder · $6K
Fine: 1 funder names it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$1.5M
4% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 4% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
11
of 11 voting members
Looks good: 11 of 11 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$29.1M
+23% vs prior year
Spent
$23.5M
To programs
89%
Net assets
$31.4M
By yearFY2020–FY2025
Revenue
$29.1M
FY2025▲ +23%
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$16.6M
FY2021$15.0M
FY2022$16.9M
FY2023$20.4M
FY2024$23.6M
FY2025$29.1M
Expenses
$23.5M
FY2025▲ +19%
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$16.0M
FY2021$16.1M
FY2022$17.1M
FY2023$18.4M
FY2024$19.8M
FY2025$23.5M
Net assets
$31.4M
FY2025▲ +22%
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$21.2M
FY2021$20.2M
FY2022$20.0M
FY2023$22.0M
FY2024$25.8M
FY2025$31.4M

From the FY2025 Form 990 (year ending June 2025) · figures checked against the IRS filing · see the original

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Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2025. IRS ruling in Sep 1979.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

89 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 89% · $20.8M Management & general 11% · $2.6M

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

Who runs it and what they're paid

15 people listed on the 990; $431K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation · most recent filed roster (FY2024); the FY2025 filing did not itemize Part VII
$175,838Pt VII · Sec A
$128,067Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Operating Officer
$120,057Pt VII · Sec A
Chief Financial Officer
$6,565Pt VII · Sec A
Board President
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Assist Sec Treas
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Bd Member
$0Pt VII · Sec A
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Jerry T Risner’s $176K as CEO is at the 18th percentile of top reported officer pay among 746 $10–100M mental health nonprofits. Peer set: organizations in the same NTEE major field of work and revenue-size band, compared on each org’s own highest-paid officer/key-employee, from Form 990 Part VII / 990-PF Part VIII. Descriptive placement, not a verdict on whether the pay is appropriate.

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 5 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2021FY2020
Jerry T Risner$175,838$167,965$169,035$171,471$167,149$161,758
Deborah Hillin$128,067$120,504$114,203$113,063$106,273$100,633
John Risner$120,057$113,769$107,868$105,449——
Dr Stephen Averitt———$106,640——
Jim Smith$6,565$17,099————

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2Yes
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Offers housing, treatment, and support services to low-income and homeless rural Tennesseans.

Provided by the organization

This section is blank until Buffalo Valley INC claims this page.

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2 program services account for $20.8M of program spending, described in the organization's own filed words · FY2024.
01

Alcohol and drug rehabilitation serivces Provide alcohol and drug rehabilitation services including treatment, counseling, and case management to approximately 1500 patients.

$17.9Mprogram expense
02

Housing services Provide transitional and permanent housing to low income homeless persons some of whom have alcohol and drug abuse problems. Also includes counseling and case management services. Approximately 300 persons served.

$2.9Mprogram expense

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Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · received and paid
Grants received · FY2020
Total grants receivedfrom 1 funder$6K
Grants paid · 6 grants · $1.6M · 2019–2024
Unitemized GrantFY2024$849,389
Unitemized GrantFY2023$508,053
Unitemized GrantFY2022$85,365
Unitemized GrantFY2021$62,609
Unitemized GrantFY2020$56,211
Unitemized GrantFY2019$22,511

By the numbers

The FY2025 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$29.1M
Ln 12
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$20.6M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$5.8M
Investment incomeLn 3$2.7M
Money outPt IX
$23.5M
Ln 25
Programscol B$20.8M
Managementcol C$2.6M
Owns and owesPt X
$31.4M
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$8.0M
Total assetsLn 16$32.9M
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.5M
PeoplePt VI, VII
15
listed · VII A
PaidVII A4
Voting boardVI 1a11
IndependentVI 1b11
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$20.6M
Government grantsLn 1e$20.6M
Fees for servicesLn 2g$5.8M
Investment incomeLn 3$2.7M
Gains on assetsLn 7$2.3M
Total revenueLn 12$29.1M
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$5.9M
SavingsLn 2$2.1M
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$8.0M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$21.3M
Other assetsLn 15$232K
Total assetsLn 16$32.9M
LiabilitiesLn 26$1.5M
Net assetsLn 32$31.4M
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 5402
VolunteersI 69
Fiscal year endsHeaderJune
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13No
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY25End FY25
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$4.3M$8.0M
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$20.0M$21.3M
Total assetsLn 16$26.7M$32.9M
LiabilitiesLn 26$847K$1.5M
Net assetsLn 32$25.8M$31.4M
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$0
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$849K$849K
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$0
Benefits paid to or for membersLn 4$0
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$431K$431K
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$0
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$8.6M$7.9M$654K
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$440K$387K$53K
Other employee benefitsLn 9$940K$821K$119K
Payroll taxesLn 10$720K$633K$87K
Management feesLn 11a$0
Legal feesLn 11b$0
Accounting feesLn 11c$12K$12K
Lobbying feesLn 11d$0
Investment management feesLn 11f$0
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$2.1M$1.8M$255K
Advertising and promotionLn 12$0
Office expensesLn 13$0
Information technologyLn 14$898K$755K$143K
RoyaltiesLn 15$0
OccupancyLn 16$3.1M$2.9M$184K
TravelLn 17$385K$310K$75K
Travel and entertainment for public officialsLn 18$0
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$25K$20K$5K
InterestLn 20$0
Payments to affiliatesLn 21$0
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$1.1M$992K$115K
InsuranceLn 23$492K$492K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$3.5M$3.0M$489K
All other expensesLn 24e$0
Total functional expensesLn 25$23.5M$20.8M$2.6M$0

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2025 Latest Viewing $29.1M$23.5M$5.6M$31.4M 990 PDF
FY2024 $23.6M$19.8M$3.8M$25.8M 990 PDF
FY2023 $20.4M$18.4M$2.0M$22.0M 990 PDF
FY2022 $16.9M$17.1M−$202K$20.0M 990 PDF
FY2021 $15.0M$16.1M−$1.0M$20.2M 990 PDF
FY2020 $16.6M$16.0M$540K$21.2M 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs I · Grants R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons A · Public support F · Foreign M · Noncash
See the full FY2025 990 (4 parts)
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $29,090,397 across 7 lines filed
VIII-1e Government grants$20,582,578
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$2,302
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$20,584,880
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $5,840,793$5,840,793
VIII-3 Investment incomeExcluded from tax $336,486$336,486
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assets$2,328,238
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $5,840,793 · Excluded from tax $336,486$29,090,397
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $23,463,936 across 30 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizations$0
IX-2 Grants to domestic individualsPrograms $849,349$849,349
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipients$0
IX-4 Benefits paid to or for members$0
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffManagement $430,527$430,527
IX-6 Pay of disqualified persons$0
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $7,916,851 · Management $653,635$8,570,486
IX-8 Pension plan contributionsPrograms $387,000 · Management $53,000$440,000
IX-9 Other employee benefitsPrograms $821,429 · Management $118,586$940,015
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $633,348 · Management $86,733$720,081
IX-11a Management fees$0
IX-11b Legal fees$0
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $11,950$11,950
IX-11d Lobbying fees$0
IX-11f Investment management fees$0
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $1,796,495 · Management $254,995$2,051,490
IX-12 Advertising and promotion$0
IX-13 Office expenses$0
IX-14 Information technologyPrograms $754,983 · Management $142,827$897,810
IX-15 Royalties$0
IX-16 OccupancyPrograms $2,897,952 · Management $184,493$3,082,445
IX-17 TravelPrograms $309,579 · Management $75,060$384,639
IX-18 Travel and entertainment for public officials$0
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsPrograms $19,865 · Management $4,830$24,695
IX-20 Interest$0
IX-21 Payments to affiliates$0
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortizationPrograms $992,129 · Management $114,561$1,106,690
IX-23 InsurancePrograms $491,804$491,804
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $2,972,933 · Management $489,022$3,461,955
IX-24e All other expenses$0
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $20,843,717 · Management $2,620,219 · Fundraising $0$23,463,936
Part X · Balance sheet $32,913,107 assets, 13 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $2,290,467$5,901,728
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $2,035,933$2,136,473
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $1,806,489$2,323,222
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $453,805$1,049,485
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $19,989,739$21,270,306
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $79,403$231,893
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $26,655,836$32,913,107
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $846,582$1,477,392
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $846,582$1,477,392
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $23,215,043$28,978,628
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $2,594,211$2,457,087
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $25,809,254$31,435,715
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $26,655,836$32,913,107
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $31,435,715 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$29,090,397
XI-2 Total expenses$23,463,936
XI-3 Revenue less expenses$5,626,461
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$25,809,254
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$31,435,715

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2025 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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