The Sixth Amendment Center Incorporated

Tax-deductible

Cambridge, MA501(c)(3)EIN 45-3477185

The sixth amendment center seeks to ensure that no person faces potential time in jail or prison without first having the aid of a lawyer with the time, ability and resources to present an effective defense, as required under the united states constitution. We DO so by measuring public defense systems against sixth amendment case law and established standards of justice. When shortcomings are identified, we help states and counties make their courts fair again in ways that promote public safety and fisca.

501(c)(3) charity; gifts are tax-deductible.
69¢ of each $1 spent went to programs.
Run by 14 volunteers and 8 employees.
Mission: Form 990 Part I, line 1 · Status: IRS Pub. 78 · Programs: Part IX · People: Part I, lines 5–6

Before you give

FY2024 · Form 990Independent: from IRS data, not the org
Download 990
IRS status
501(c)(3)
not on the IRS revocation list
Looks good: listed by the IRS and not on the revocation list.
IRS BMF · Auto-Revocation List
Tax-deductible gifts
Yes
Donations are tax-deductible
Looks good: the IRS lists gifts to it as deductible.
IRS Pub. 78 · IRS BMF
Latest return
FY2024
latest Form 990
Looks good: the latest return is for FY2024, 2 tax years back; within 2 tax years.
IRS e-file · Filing history
Surplus or deficit
2 of 4
filings with a surplus
Average surplus $1K a year · under 1% of revenue · last 4 filings
Worth a look: a surplus in 2 of the last 4 filings.
Pt I · Ln 19 · 4 filings
Spent on programs
69%
of spending
Fine: 69% of spending went to programs; 65% to 75%.
Pt IX · Ln 25 · col B
Pay to officers and key staff
$711K
to officers and key staff · 50% of spending
Concern: pay to officers and key staff is 50% of spending; over 30%.
Pt VII · Sec A
Cash reserves
2 mo
of spending, in cash
Fine: 1.9 months of spending in cash; 1 to 3.
Pt X · Ln 1–2 · Pt I · Ln 18
Named funders
1
named funder · $1.5M
Fine: 1 funder names it on their filings; under 3.
Funders’ Sch. I, 990-PF
Liabilities
$15K
6% of total assets
Looks good: liabilities are 6% of assets; 50% or less.
Pt X · Ln 26
Independent board members
6
of 7 voting members
Looks good: 6 of 7 voting members are independent, a majority.
Pt VI · Ln 1a–1b
Looks goodFineWorth a lookConcernNo data yetTap a box for the reason.
Revenue
$50K
-98% vs prior year
Spent
$1.4M
To programs
69%
Net assets
$229K
By yearFY2020–FY2024
Revenue
$50K
FY2024▼ -98%
Revenue by fiscal year
FY2020$663K
FY2021$1.2M
FY2023$2.4M
FY2024$50K
Expenses
$1.4M
FY2024▲ +26%
Expenses by fiscal year
FY2020$857K
FY2021$907K
FY2023$1.1M
FY2024$1.4M
Net assets
$229K
FY2024▼ -86%
Net assets by fiscal year
FY2020$174K
FY2021$459K
FY2023$1.6M
FY2024$229K

From the FY2024 Form 990 · see the original

Give Claim

Is it real?

Yes. Never revoked by the IRS. Latest filing on record: FY2024. IRS ruling in Sep 2012.

IRS Pub. 78 · IRS Auto-Revocation List · IRS Business Master File

Where the money goes

69 cents of each dollar spent went to programs.

Program services 69% · $989K Management & general 31% · $442K

Form 990 Part IX, line 25, columns B–D. Every line is in By the numbers.

Who runs it and what they're paid

13 people listed on the 990; $711K paid to officers and key staff.

Part VII, Section A · reportable compensation
Ed & Secretary (eff. 12/15/24)
$162,155Pt VII · Sec A
Deputy Director
$149,000Pt VII · Sec A
Deputy Director
$149,000Pt VII · Sec A
Senior Program Manager
$142,989Pt VII · Sec A
Senior Program Associate
$107,500Pt VII · Sec A
Chair (eff. 12/15/24)
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Treasurer (eff. 12/15/24)
$0Pt VII · Sec A
Director
$0Pt VII · Sec A

Compensation history total reportable pay by year · 6 named individuals · Part VII

NameFY2024FY2023FY2021
David Carroll$162,155$159,655$152,986
Jonathan Mosher$149,000$148,936—
Aditi Goel$149,000$138,000—
Phyllis Mann$142,989$142,989—
Jon Mosher——$142,725
Lacey Coppage$107,500$102,500—

Total reportable compensation (Form 990 Part VII column D / Schedule J column E) by filing year, matched by name within this organization. The Schedule J base / bonus / deferred breakdown is not parsed into this dataset.

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Questions the 990 asks

The form asks each of these directly. These are the filed answers.

  • Family or business ties among officersPt VI · Ln 2No
  • Top official's pay set by an independent reviewPt VI · Ln 15aYes

Programs and updates

Ensures everyone facing jail time gets a qualified lawyer for a fair defense.

Provided by the organization

This section is blank until The Sixth Amendment Center Incorporated claims this page.

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1 program service account for $989K of program spending, described in the organization's own filed words · FY2024.
01

Providing technical assistance and evaluation services to various state and local governments examining current methods for providing the constitutional right to counsel in criminal trials, improving structures where deficiencies are identified, and providing expert research and analysis of indigent defense issues.

$989Kprogram expense

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Funders

Who pays for it.

From grant filings on record. Receipts are incomplete: individual donors are never listed.

Grants

Schedule I · funders on record
Grants received · FY2024
Total grants receivedfrom 1 funder$1.5M

By the numbers

The FY2024 990, line by line.

1The main four
Money inPt VIII
$50K
Ln 12
Fees for servicesLn 2g$39K
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$10K
Money outPt IX
$1.4M
Ln 25
Programscol B$989K
Managementcol C$442K
Owns and owesPt X
$229K
net assets · Ln 32
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$232K
Total assetsLn 16$244K
LiabilitiesLn 26$15K
PeoplePt VI, VII
13
listed · VII A
PaidVII A5
Voting boardVI 1a7
IndependentVI 1b6
2In more detail
Revenue in detailPt VIII
Gifts and grantsLn 1h$10K
Fees for servicesLn 2g$39K
Gains on assetsLn 7$0
Total revenueLn 12$50K
Assets in detailPt X, end of year
CashLn 1$232K
SavingsLn 2$0
Cash and savings togetherLn 1–2$232K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$0
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0
Other assetsLn 15$0
Total assetsLn 16$244K
LiabilitiesLn 26$15K
Net assetsLn 32$229K
OperationsPt I, VI
EmployeesI 58
VolunteersI 614
Fiscal year endsHeaderDecember
Conflict-of-interest policyVI 12aYes
Whistleblower policyVI 13Yes
Records policyVI 14Yes
3Year over year
Balance sheet, start vs end of yearPt X · col A, B
LineStart FY24End FY24
Cash and savingsLn 1–2$506K$232K
InvestmentsLn 11–13$0$0
Land, buildings, equipmentLn 10c$0$0
Total assetsLn 16$1.6M$244K
LiabilitiesLn 26$3K$15K
Net assetsLn 32$1.6M$229K
4Every line
Statement of functional expensesPt IX · every line
LineTotalProgramsManagementFundraising
Grants to domestic organizationsLn 1$0
Grants to domestic individualsLn 2$0
Grants and assistance to foreign recipientsLn 3$0
Benefits paid to or for membersLn 4$0
Pay of current officers, directors and key staffLn 5$460K$419K$41K
Pay of disqualified personsLn 6$0
Other salaries and wagesLn 7$546K$497K$49K
Pension plan contributionsLn 8$0
Other employee benefitsLn 9$0
Payroll taxesLn 10$80K$73K$7K
Management feesLn 11a$0
Legal feesLn 11b$0
Accounting feesLn 11c$45K$45K
Lobbying feesLn 11d$0
Professional fundraising feesLn 11e$0
Investment management feesLn 11f$0
Other fees for servicesLn 11g$187K$0$187K$0
Advertising and promotionLn 12$210$210
Office expensesLn 13$48K$48K
Information technologyLn 14$0
RoyaltiesLn 15$0
OccupancyLn 16$0
TravelLn 17$15K$15K
Travel and entertainment for public officialsLn 18$0
Conferences, conventions and meetingsLn 19$3K$3K
InterestLn 20$0
Payments to affiliatesLn 21$0
Depreciation, depletion and amortizationLn 22$0
InsuranceLn 23$46K$46K
Other expenses (24a–d)Ln 24$2K$0$2K$0
Total functional expensesLn 25$1.4M$989K$442K$0

Filing history

YearMoney inMoney outIn minus outNet assetsDownload
FY2024 Latest Viewing $50K$1.4M−$1.4M$229K 990 PDF
FY2023 $2.4M$1.1M$1.3M$1.6M 990 PDF
FY2022 Not on file
FY2021 $1.2M$907K$284K$459K 990 PDF
FY2020 $663K$857K−$193K$174K 990 PDF

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Schedules filed Part IV

III · Programs I · Grants R · Related orgs G · Fundraising L · Interested persons A · Public support F · Foreign M · Noncash
See the full FY2024 990 (4 parts)
Part VIII · Statement of revenue $49,613 across 9 lines filed
VIII-1f All other contributions, gifts and grants$10,448
VIII-1h Total contributions, gifts and grants$10,448
VIII-2a-f Program service revenue, itemized rows (sum of 2a–2f as filed)Related to mission $39,165$39,165
VIII-3 Investment income$0
VIII-5 Royalties$0
VIII-6 Net rental income or loss$0
VIII-7 Net gain or loss on sales of assets$0
VIII-8 Net income from fundraising events$0
VIII-12 Total revenueRelated to mission $39,165 · Unrelated business $0 · Excluded from tax $0$49,613
Part IX · Statement of functional expenses $1,430,880 across 30 lines filed
IX-1 Grants to domestic organizations$0
IX-2 Grants to domestic individuals$0
IX-3 Grants and assistance to foreign recipients$0
IX-4 Benefits paid to or for members$0
IX-5 Pay of current officers, directors and key staffPrograms $418,964 · Management $41,191$460,155
IX-6 Pay of disqualified persons$0
IX-7 Other salaries and wagesPrograms $496,754 · Management $48,840$545,594
IX-8 Pension plan contributions$0
IX-9 Other employee benefits$0
IX-10 Payroll taxesPrograms $72,944 · Management $7,234$80,178
IX-11a Management fees$0
IX-11b Legal fees$0
IX-11c Accounting feesManagement $44,564$44,564
IX-11d Lobbying fees$0
IX-11e Professional fundraising fees$0
IX-11f Investment management fees$0
IX-11g Other fees for servicesPrograms $0 · Management $186,978 · Fundraising $0$186,978
IX-12 Advertising and promotionManagement $210$210
IX-13 Office expensesManagement $47,575$47,575
IX-14 Information technology$0
IX-15 Royalties$0
IX-16 Occupancy$0
IX-17 TravelManagement $14,628$14,628
IX-18 Travel and entertainment for public officials$0
IX-19 Conferences, conventions and meetingsManagement $3,022$3,022
IX-20 Interest$0
IX-21 Payments to affiliates$0
IX-22 Depreciation, depletion and amortization$0
IX-23 InsuranceManagement $46,284$46,284
IX-24 Other expenses (24a–d)Programs $0 · Management $1,692 · Fundraising $0$1,692
IX-25 Total functional expensesPrograms $988,662 · Management $442,218 · Fundraising $0$1,430,880
Part X · Balance sheet $244,072 assets, 24 lines filed
X-1 Cash, non-interest-bearingStart of year $506,178$232,374
X-2 Savings and temporary cash investmentsStart of year $0$0
X-3 Pledges and grants receivableStart of year $0$0
X-4 Accounts receivableStart of year $1,108,822$8,698
X-8 Inventories for sale or useStart of year $0$0
X-9 Prepaid expenses and deferred chargesStart of year $0$3,000
X-10c Land, buildings and equipment, netStart of year $0$0
X-11 Publicly traded securitiesStart of year $0$0
X-12 Other securitiesStart of year $0$0
X-13 Program-related investmentsStart of year $0$0
X-14 Intangible assetsStart of year $0$0
X-15 Other assetsStart of year $0$0
X-16 Total assetsStart of year $1,615,000$244,072
X-17 Accounts payable and accrued expensesStart of year $2,510$14,743
X-18 Grants payableStart of year $0$0
X-19 Deferred revenueStart of year $0$0
X-20 Tax-exempt bond liabilitiesStart of year $0$0
X-24 Unsecured notes and loans payableStart of year $0$0
X-25 Other liabilitiesStart of year $0$0
X-26 Total liabilitiesStart of year $2,510$14,743
X-27 Net assets without donor restrictionsStart of year $1,612,490$229,329
X-28 Net assets with donor restrictionsStart of year $0$0
X-32 Total net assets or fund balancesStart of year $1,612,490$229,329
X-33 Total liabilities and net assetsStart of year $1,615,000$244,072
Part XI · Reconciliation of net assets $229,329 net assets at year end
XI-1 Total revenue$49,613
XI-2 Total expenses$1,430,880
XI-3 Revenue less expenses−$1,381,267
XI-4 Net assets at start of year$1,612,490
XI-9 Other changes in net assets−$1,894
XI-10 Net assets at end of year$229,329

Form 990 e-file (XML) FY2024 from the IRS · Classification, formation year and address from the IRS Business Master File

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